Examining impacts of structural racism and discrimination on Hispanic treatment differences and oral health disparities; known internally as "Smiles of Hope - Proyecto Hispanico de Esperanza" (SoPHE)

审查结构性种族主义和歧视对西班牙裔待遇差异和口腔健康差异的影响；

• 批准号: 10909478
• 负责人: STUART A GANSKY
• 金额: $ 57.23万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-09-21 至 2024-09-20
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10909478
• 关键词: Accounting; Acculturation; Address; Adult; Affect; Area; Automobile Driving; Caring; Child; Childhood; Collaborations; Communities; Data; Data Analyses; Data Set; Dental; Dental Care; Dental caries; Discrimination; Disease; Ethnic Origin; Ethnic Population; Family; Focus Groups; Future; Health; Health Disparities Research; High Prevalence; Hispanic; Hispanic Populations; Hour; Immigrant; Incidence; Individual; Inequity; Intervention; Knowledge; Learning; Limited English Proficiency; Literature; Measures; Mouth Diseases; Neighborhoods; Not Hispanic or Latino; Oral health; Outcome; Persons; Poverty; Prevention; Preventive; Process; Qualitative Methods; Qualitative Research; Quality of life; Race; Readiness; Research; Research Personnel; Residual state; Risk; Role; Schools; Sedation procedure; Smiling; Social Discrimination; Socioeconomic Status; Structural Racism; Text; Time; Uninsured; United States; Visit; burden of illness; cost; data repository; deprivation; ethnic minority; experience; health care service utilization; health disparity; health inequalities; hispanic community; indexing; innovation; low socioeconomic status; multidisciplinary; oral care; poor health outcome; protective factors; racial minority; residential segregation; restoration; restraint; social health determinants; therapy development; treatment and outcome

Project Summary/Abstract (30 lines of text): The Hispanic population is the largest (>18%) and fastest growing non-majority ethnic group in the United States (US), about half of whom are non-US born. Hispanic children are three times more likely to have dental caries experience than White children, impacting quality of life and school learning and readiness. Current knowledge around oral health in Hispanic populations examines individual factors such as culture and acculturation, but research regarding the effect of structural racism and discrimination (SRD) factors on oral health treatments and outcomes is lacking. Although Hispanic children have higher rates of caries, initial research shows a discrepancy between rates of preventive and dental treatments visits for White and Hispanic children. The objective of this proposal is to evaluate area-level differences in oral health treatments provided to Hispanic children compared to non-Hispanic White children as a measure of SRD on individual-level subsequent caries incidence and increment through both quantitative (secondary data analysis) and community-based qualitative methods (focus groups). Our research would be the first to assess the impact of SRD on oral health using to-be-validated ZIP code-level measures associated with racial/ethnic residential segregation. This project aims to examine differences in oral health treatments provided (e.g., prevention, restoration, restraint, sedation, extraction) to be used as an SRD measure, and impacts on oral health outcomes among Hispanic children compared to White Children using multistate longitudinal oral health datasets. Researchers will also assess ZIP code-level SRD variables (e.g., child opportunity index, racial/ethnic opportunity gap, citizenship status, and limited English proficiency percentage) as potential effect modifiers of the relationship between oral health treatments provided as an SRD measure and impacts on oral health outcomes (caries incidence) among Hispanic children. Focus groups will be conducted with Hispanic families (including immigrants, people with limited English proficiency, and non-citizens) to gain a deeper understanding of how multi-level SRD factors are experienced among adults for themselves and their children, especially relating to access to dental care, treatment options, and oral health outcomes; and which family, organizational, neighborhood, and community protective factors help people overcome SRD barriers to help optimize their oral health. This research has significant implications, as it will provide a deeper understanding of how SRD affects Hispanic oral health and identify potential protective factors that could inform intervention development to address issues related to inequities in oral care.

项目摘要/摘要（文本30行）：西班牙裔人口是最大的（> 18％） 在美国（美国）增长最快的非少数族群，其中约有一半是 非美国出生。西班牙裔孩子拥有龋齿经验的三倍 比白人孩子，影响着生活质量，学校学习和准备就绪。当前的 西班牙裔人口中有关口腔健康的知识研究了个体因素，例如 文化和适应，但研究结构种族主义的影响和 缺乏口腔健康治疗和结果的歧视（SRD）因素。虽然 西班牙裔儿童的龋齿率较高，初步研究表明 白人和西班牙裔儿童的预防和牙科治疗访问率。目的 该建议是评估提供给西班牙裔的口腔健康治疗方面的区域级别差异 与非西班牙裔白人儿童相比，儿童是个人级别的SRD 随后的龋齿发病率和通过两个定量（二级数据分析）增加 和基于社区的定性方法（焦点小组）。我们的研究将是第一个 使用验证的邮政编码措施评估SRD对口腔健康的影响 与种族/族裔住宅隔离相关。该项目旨在研究 提供口腔健康治疗（例如预防，修复，克制，镇静，提取） 用作SRD措施，并影响西班牙裔儿童的口腔健康结果 与使用多种纵向口服健康数据集的白人儿童相比。研究人员会 还评估邮政编码级别的SRD变量（例如，儿童机会指数，种族/民族机会 差距，公民身份和有限的英语能力百分比）作为潜在效果修饰符 提供作为SRD措施的口腔健康治疗之间的关系，并影响 西班牙裔儿童的口腔健康结果（龋齿发病率）。焦点小组将是 与西班牙裔家庭（包括移民，英语能力有限的人， 和非公民），以更深入地了解多级SRD因素 在成年人中为自己和孩子体验，尤其是与进入 牙科护理，治疗选择和口腔健康结果；以及哪个家庭，组织， 社区和社区保护因素可帮助人们克服SRD障碍以帮助 优化他们的口腔健康。这项研究具有重要的含义，因为它将提供更深的 了解SRD如何影响西班牙裔口腔健康并确定潜在的保护因素 这可以为干预开发提供信息，以解决与口腔护理中的不平等有关的问题。