Administrative Supplement to: Sensitization of the Reinforcing Value of Food as a Predictor of Weight Change in Adolescents

行政补充：食物强化价值作为青少年体重变化预测因子的敏感性

• 批准号: 9788779
• 负责人: Jennifer L Temple
• 金额: $ 0.93万
• 依托单位: STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK AT BUFFALO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-03-01 至 2021-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9788779
• 关键词: Address; Administrative Supplement; Adolescence; Adolescent; Age; Appointment; Area; Attention; Behavior; Behavioral; Body Weight; Body Weight Changes; Body fat; Body mass index; Brain; Candy; Child Care; Chocolate; Consumption; Cross-Sectional Studies; Data; Development; Eating; Environment; Financial compensation; Food; Food Energy; Funding; Future; Health Food; Healthy Eating; Height; Hour; Hyperphagia; Impulsivity; Incentives; Income; Individual; Intake; Italy; Laboratories; Lead; Measures; Mediating; Methods; Motivation; Non obese; Obesity; Overweight; Parents; Participant; Pathology; Pattern; Phenotype; Physical activity; Play; Population; Potato; Predisposition; Prevention strategy; Psychological reinforcement; Reporting; Research; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Self Administration; Source; Stimulus; System; Text; Time; Transportation; Visit; Weight; Weight Gain; Work; adult obesity; base; cohort; cost; design; discount; discounting; emerging adult; energy density; executive function; follow-up; food consumption; good diet; high risk; improved; indexing; novel; obesity risk; parent grant; payment; prevent; prospective; protective factors; rapid growth; recruit; reinforced behavior; reinforcer; relating to nervous system; response; treatment strategy

Project Summary/Abstract The adolescent brain is driven to seek out novel reinforcers, but the areas of the brain involved in impulse control and executive function remain immature until early adulthood. This may make adolescents particularly susceptible to overeating and weight gain. Motivation to eat, or reinforcing value, is a strong predictor of energy consumption and adiposity. Understanding factors that lead to higher levels of the reinforcing value of food is a critical first step toward developing novel treatment and prevention strategies for obesity. Our previous work has shown that repeated intake of snack foods, such as potato chips and chocolate candy, decreases the reinforcing value of that snack food in non-obese adults, but increases the reinforcing value of that snack food in a subset of obese adults. To date, this relationship has been demonstrated in cross- sectional studies. In addition, our preliminary data, presented in this proposal, suggest that individuals who increase responses for healthier snack foods (energy density <1.5 kcal/gram) weigh less than those who decrease responses for these foods after repeated administration. This suggests that sensitization of the reinforcing value of food may be a risk or a protective factor against obesity depending on the type of food being consumed. Another protective factor may be having a high reinforcing value of physical activity. Studies have shown that individuals who find physical activity very reinforcing weigh less. Finally, our work and that of others suggests that individuals who are high in reinforcing value of food and high in delay discounting may be at greater risk for weight gain. The purpose of the proposed study is to 1) determine if increases in the reinforcing value of high energy density snack foods predict weight gain over time. 2) determine if increases in the reinforcing value of low energy density snacks protects against weight gain over time 3) to determine if reinforcing value of physical activity and/or delay discounting moderate the relationship between sensitization of the reinforcing value of food on weight change in adolescents. These studies will allow us not only to determine the weight-related consequences of sensitization of the reinforcing value of food, but also to identify factors that moderate changes in body weight over time as they relate to the reinforcing value of food. Once these factors are identified and characterized, future studies could focus on refining methods for altering the reinforcing value of food as a way to increase healthy eating and decrease less healthy food intake. In order to maximize the fidelity of the data that we are collecting, it is imperative that we recruit a diverse participant population and retain the vast majority of participants. The purpose of this administrative supplement is to improve retention of our participant population by increasing participant and parent payment and by increasing between-visit participant engagement.

项目摘要/摘要 青少年的大脑被驱使寻找新颖的增强剂，但大脑的区域参与冲动 控制和执行功能一直不成熟，直到成年初。这可能会使青少年特别 容易暴饮暴食和体重增加。进食或增强价值的动机是有力的预测指标 能耗和肥胖。理解导致更高水平的增强价值的因素 食物是制定新颖治疗和预防肥胖策略的关键第一步。我们的 以前的工作表明，零食的重复摄入，例如薯片和巧克力糖果， 降低了非肥胖成年人中零食食品的增强价值，但增加了 在肥胖成年人的一部分中零食。迄今为止，这种关系已在交叉中证明 部分研究。此外，我们的初步数据（在此提案中提出）表明 增加对健康零食食品的反应（能量密度<1.5 kcal/gram）的重量低于 重复给药后减少对这些食物的反应。这表明对 根据食物的类型，增强食物的价值可能是针对肥胖的风险或保护因素 被消耗。另一个保护因素可能是具有很高的体育锻炼价值。研究 已经表明，人们发现体育锻炼的人的体重较小。最后，我们的工作和 其他人则认为，富有增强食物价值和高延迟打折价值的个人可能是 体重增加的风险更大。拟议研究的目的是1）确定是否增加 高能量零食食品的增强价值会随着时间的流逝而预测体重增加。 2）确定是否增加 在低能密度零食的增强价值中，随着时间的推移，零食可以防止体重增加3） 增强体育锻炼的价值和/或延迟打折的敏感性之间的关系 食物对青少年体重变化的增强价值。这些研究将不仅使我们 确定食物增强价值敏化的重量相关后果，但也确定 随着时间的推移，体重变化的因素与食物的增强价值有关。一次 这些因素被识别和表征，未来的研究可以集中于改进方法以改变 增强食物的价值，以增加健康饮食并减少健康食物的摄入量。为了 为了最大化我们收集的数据的保真度，我们必须招募多样化 参与者人数并保留绝大多数参与者。此行政的目的 补充是通过增加参与者和父母来提高参与者的保留 付款并增加参与者参与的参与度。