Project 5: Green Remediation by Solar Energy Conversion Into Electrolysis

项目5：太阳能转化为电解的绿色修复

• 批准号: 7936555
• 负责人: Akram N Alshawabkeh
• 金额: $ 26.25万
• 依托单位: NORTHEASTERN UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-04-12 至 2014-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7936555
• 关键词: Address; Adoption; Adverse effects; Affect; Aftercare; Anions; Anodes; Arsenates; Arsenic; Biological; Cathodes; Cations; Cells; Characteristics; Charge; Chemicals; Coupled; Couples; Development; Diethylhexyl Phthalate; Electric Conductivity; Electrocoagulation; Electrodes; Electrolyses; Electrolytes; Electron Transport; Engineering; Environment; Ethane; Evaluation; Event; Excision; Exposure to; Filtration; Fracture; Gases; Goals; Green S; Heavy Metals; Hydrogen; Hydroxide Ion; In Situ; Intervention; Ions; Iron; Kinetics; Laboratories; Laws; Lead; Link; Liquid substance; Measurement; Methods; Modeling; Monitor; Natural Resources; Oxidation-Reduction; Oxygen; Pathway interactions; Performance; Permeability; Phase; Phenols; Phosphorus; Physiologic pulse; Pollution; Premature Birth; Process; Protons; Radioisotopes; Reducing Agents; Relative (related person); Role; Sampling; Site; Soil; Solar Energy; Solubility; Solutions; Solvents; Source; Strategic Planning; Stream; Superfund; Surface; System; Technology; Testing; Theoretical model; Translational Research; Trichloroethylene; Water; Xenobiotics; Yang; alkalinity; aqueous; base; chemical reduction; chromium hexavalent ion; cost; cytotoxicity; data management; density; design; drinking water; field study; flexibility; improved; innovation; interest; landfill; nanosized; nitrogen compounds; organic contaminant; oxidation; particle; phthalates; physical property; prevent; process optimization; programs; remediation; research study; response; retinal rods; success; superfund site; tool; treatment effect; voltage; wasting; water flow

The US EPA supports the adoption of green remediation, which considers all environmental effects and incorporates strategies to maximize the net environmental benefit. Our long-term goal is to develop a green remediation based on conversion of solar energy into iron electrolysis in groundwater. Electrolysis of sacrificial iron anodes will cause chemical reduction of contaminants, including chlorinated solvents in groundwater. The kinetics of iron redox in a two-electrode electrolysis system and release of ferrous ions and hydrogen gas can be optimized by controlling the electric current density and polarity for effective transformation of contaminants. The process is suited for karstic groundwater aquifers because the dynamic flow conditions in channels and fractures require controlled rates of iron reactivity. The process will use solar energy and will not produce adverse effects on groundwater environment. The project will evaluate the effect of iron electrolysis on groundwater geochemistry, demonstrate the transformation of trichloroethylene (TCE) as a model nonpolar organic contaminant in groundwater by iron electrolysis under batch and flow conditions, evaluate the effects of polarity reversal and voltage/current intensity, develop a predictive tool "model" for transformation, evaluate the effects on the physical properties of the aquifer, assess the cytotoxicity of treated water, and evaluate any adverse effects on the fate of other contaminants (e.g., semipolar organics such as phthalates). The project will conduct experiments in cells using karst aquifer characteristics, including experimental setups that are constructed of limestone blocks. The plan includes 2D lab pilot-scale testing using the GeoBed (developed in Project 4) and a small-scale field test. The primary experimental variables that will be controlled are the water flow rate, electric current/voltage and electrolyte type. The primary dependent variables that will be monitored are pH, ORP, Dissolved Oxygen, alkalinity, cation and anion concentrations, contaminant concentration, ferrous and ferric ion concentrations, precipitates, electrical conductivity, and voltage/current. A model that couples Faraday's law for iron electrolysis and reactive flow will be developed and verified. The project will assess power requirement and engineer a strategy that utilizes solar panels for field implementation.

美国EPA支持采用绿色修复，该补救措施考虑了所有环境影响和 结合了最大化净环境利益的策略。我们的长期目标是开发绿色 基于太阳能转化为地下水中铁电解的修复。电解的 牺牲铁阳极会导致污染物的化学降低，包括 地下水。两电极电解系统中铁氧化还原的动力学和亚铁离子的释放 可以通过控制电流密度和极性来优化氢气以有效 污染物的转化。该过程适用于喀斯坦地下水含水层，因为动态 通道和裂缝中的流量条件需要受控铁反应率。该过程将使用太阳能 能量，不会对地下水环境产生不利影响。该项目将评估效果 铁电解在地下水上的电解，证明了三氯乙烯（TCE）的转化 作为模型在地下水中通过批处理和流量下的铁电解在地下水中的非极性有机污染物 条件，评估极性逆转和电压/电流强度的影响，开发一种预测工具 用于转化的“模型”，评估对含水层物理特性的影响，评估 处理水的细胞毒性，并评估对其他污染物命运的任何不利影响（例如，半极性 有机物，例如邻苯二甲酸盐）。该项目将使用喀斯特含水层在细胞中进行实验 特征，包括由石灰石块构建的实验设置。该计划包括2d 实验室试验尺度测试使用GEOBED（项目4中开发）和小型现场测试。主要 将要控制的实验变量是水流量，电流/电压和电解质 类型。将要监测的主要因变量是pH，ORP，溶解氧，碱度， 阳离子和阴离子浓度，污染物浓度，亚铁和铁离子浓度， 沉淀，电导率和电压/电流。将法拉第法律与铁结合的模型 电解和反应性流将开发和验证。该项目将评估电力要求和 设计一种利用太阳能电池板进行现场实施的策略。