The temporal characteristics of brain-language relationships: Evidence from impai

大脑-语言关系的时间特征：来自impai的证据

• 批准号: 7751770
• 负责人: Tracy Love-Geffen
• 金额: $ 31.44万
• 依托单位: SAN DIEGO STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-07-16 至 2014-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7751770
• 关键词: Accounting; Adult; Affect; Aphasia; Aphasia Tests; Architecture; Behavior; Behavioral; Biological Neural Networks; Brain; Brain Mapping; Brain region; Broca Aphasia; Characteristics; Cognitive; Comprehension; Data; Dependence; Dependency; Emotional; Family; Heart; Individual; Intuition; Laboratories; Language; Language Disorders; Lesion; Light; Literature; Measures; Methods; Neurobiology; Normal Range; Operative Surgical Procedures; Participant; Pattern; Plant Roots; Population; Positioning Attribute; Process; Property; Psycholinguistics; Recruitment Activity; Rehabilitation therapy; Research; Research Personnel; Secondary to; Services; Source; Speech; Speed; Stroke; System; Techniques; Testing; Time; United States; Work; aphasic; base; interdisciplinary approach; interest; lexical; lexical processing; neuroimaging; phonology; programs; public health relevance; relating to nervous system; research study; syntax; theories

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Our research program proposes to chart the unfolding of language comprehension in unimpaired adults as well as in adults with aphasia secondary to stroke. We begin with the position that sentence comprehension is rooted in cognitive and neurobiological architectures that are likely to be constrained by various real-time processing demands under 'normal' operations. In this revised proposal we focus on lexical and structural processing routines with the major comparison of interest being between regular and slowed rates of speech. We slow rate of speech input to a rate just outside the normal range of 4 to 6 syllables per second and examine how the language comprehension process is modified in neurologically intact and compromised individuals. Our purpose in doing so is to uncover properties of language comprehension that might not be apparent under normal time constraints, and to reveal the intricacies of the comprehension deficit, in particular, in Broca's aphasia. For example, we hypothesize that the functional deficit observed under normal input conditions may be reduced under slow input conditions. We combine evidence from lesion-behavior analyses, functional neuroimaging and functional connectivity to better define which regions are actively recruited during sentence processing as well as to shed light on the functional commitment of specific brain regions to aspects of sentence comprehension. We anticipate that our work will have important implications for rehabilitation efforts in aphasia. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE:: Aphasia, a language disorder caused by stroke, has enormous physical, emotional, and financial consequences for those individuals and families affected. It is estimated that there are approximately 1,000,000 individuals in the United States who have aphasia. This project seeks to uncover the details of the language deficit in aphasia through behavioral and brain mapping techniques, with implications for rehabilitation.

描述（由申请人提供）：我们的研究计划建议在未经障碍的成年人以及中风的失语症的成年人中绘制语言理解的展开。我们首先从认知和神经生物学体系结构中构建了句子理解，这些句子可能会受到“正常”操作下各种实时处理需求的约束。在这项修订的建议中，我们关注词汇和结构处理程序，并在定期和放缓的语音速度之间进行了重大比较。我们将语音输入速度降低到每秒4到6个音节的正常范围以外的速率，并检查如何在神经系统完整和妥协的个体中修改语言理解过程。我们这样做的目的是发现在正常时间限制下可能并不明显的语言理解的属性，并揭示了理解赤字的复杂性，尤其是在Broca的失语症中。例如，我们假设在正常输入条件下观察到的功能不足可能会在缓慢的输入条件下降低。我们结合了病变 - 行为分析，功能性神经影像和功能连接性的证据，以更好地定义在句子处理过程中积极招募哪些区域，并阐明特定大脑区域的功能性承诺对句子理解的各个方面。我们预计我们的工作将对失语症的康复工作具有重要意义。公共卫生相关性::失语症，一种由中风引起的语言障碍，对受影响的个人和家庭产生了巨大的身体，情感和财务后果。据估计，美国大约有100万个人失语症。该项目旨在通过行为和脑映射技术来揭示失语症中语言赤字的细节，这对康复产生了影响。