Functional brain imaging based on fast optical signals

基于快速光信号的功能性脑成像

• 批准号: 7139452
• 负责人: Gabriele Gratton
• 金额: $ 35.04万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-08-15 至 2009-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7139452
• 关键词: bioimaging /biomedical imaging; biophysics; brain electrical activity; brain mapping; cats; clinical research; computer simulation; electroencephalography; electrophysiology; functional magnetic resonance imaging; human subject; image processing; microinjections; neuroimaging; neurons; neuropharmacology; optics; phantom model; songbirds; stereotaxic techniques; three dimensional imaging /topography

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The purpose of this proposal (responding to RFA EB-005-001) is to pursue the integrated development of a functional brain imaging approach based on the fast optical signal. This signal is characterized by rapid changes in cortical transparency occurring immediately after stimulation and simultaneous with electrophysiological measures of neuronal activity. The current proposal unites three groups (at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign - UIUC, University of California-Irvine - UCI, and Pennsylvania State University - PSU) that have played a critical role in the discovery and initial observations of the fast optical signal in humans. The main goals of the proposed research, covering five of the six goals stated in the RFA, are: (a) To investigate the biophysical phenomena underlying the fast optical signals through a combination of simulation studies and measurements conducted on animal models, comparing fast optical signals and electrophysiological measures of neuronal activity. (RFA GOALS#1&2) (b) To examine the relationship between intracranial changes and optical parameters recorded at the scalp and used for detecting the fast optical signals in humans. This will involve recording of fast optical signals in humans as well as Monte Carlo simulation. (RFA GOALS#4&6). (c) To develop and validate mapping and other analytic tools for the 3-D reconstruction of cortical activity based on realistic head models, through the comparison of optical and fMRI data (RFA GOAL#5). (d) To significantly improve the signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) of optical signals through radical modifications of the current instrumental designs and improvements in recording and filtering methods. (RFA GOAL#6).

描述（由申请人提供）： 该提案的目的（对RFA EB-005-001响应）是基于快速光学信号来追求功能性脑成像方法的综合开发。该信号的特征是刺激后立即发生皮质透明度的快速变化，并与神经元活性的电生理测量方法同时改变。目前的提案将三个小组（在伊利诺伊大学的Urbana -Champaign大学 - UIUC，加利福尼亚大学 - IRVINE -UCI -UCI和宾夕法尼亚州立大学 - PSU）团结在一起，在人类中快速光学信号的发现和初步观察中发挥了关键作用。拟议的研究的主要目标涵盖了RFA中所述的六个目标中的五个，是：（a）通过在动物模型上进行的模拟研究和测量的结合，研究快速光学信号的生物物理现象，比较快速的光学信号和神经元活动的电物质学测量。 （RFA目标＃1和2）（b）检查在头皮记录的颅内变化和光学参数之间的关系，并用于检测人类中的快速光学信号。这将涉及记录人类和蒙特卡洛模拟中的快速光学信号。 （RFA目标＃4和6）。 （c）通过比较光经和fMRI数据（RFA目标＃5）来开发和验证基于现实的头部模型的3D重建的映射和其他分析工具。 （d）通过对当前仪器设计的根本修改以及记录和滤波方法的改进，可以显着提高光学信号的信噪比（S/N）。 （RFA目标＃6）。