OPTICAL AND ELECTRICAL MEASURES OF BRAIN FUNCTION

脑功能的光学和电学测量

• 批准号: 2675639
• 负责人: Gabriele Gratton
• 金额: $ 22.69万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI-COLUMBIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1996-09-30 至 1999-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2675639
• 关键词: brain circulation; brain electrical activity; brain mapping; clinical research; diagnosis design /evaluation; electroencephalography; electrophysiology; hemodynamics; heterodyning; human subject; infrared radiation; magnetic resonance imaging; method development; noninvasive diagnosis; optics; photomultiplier; visible light

Understanding of the functioning of the human brain would clearly benefit from physiological techniques able to provide dynamic maps of activity. Current electrophysiological and hemodynamic methods provide data with either good spatial or temporal resolution, but not both. Our preliminary studies indicate that non-invasive optical methods can provide a unique combination of spatial and temporal resolution that could be used to derive dynamic maps of brain activity. In addition, these techniques are compatible with other methods. However, our understanding of non-invasive optical methods is still incomplete. The specific purposes of the present project are: (a) to extend the preliminary findings about the sensitivity and spatial and temporal resolution of optical methods, (b) to provide initial data about the basic mechanisms underlying the optical signals, (c) to assess the ability of optical methods to provide depth information, and (d) to elucidate further the relationship between optical and electrical measures. The project will involve direct comparison of electrophysiological and optical data simultaneously recorded from the heads of normal human subjects with comparable spatial and temporal sampling. Structural, and in some cases functional, magnetic resonance data will also be acquired from the same subjects. The desired outcome is the development of tools for generating detailed spatio- temporal maps of brain activity during sensory, motor, and cognitive tasks. Possible future extensions include the application of the combined optical-electrophysiological approach to the study of the neurophysiology of cognition and neurological and psychiatric syndromes.

了解人脑的功能显然会受益匪浅 来自能够提供活动动态图的生理技术。 当前的电生理学和血液动力学方法提供的数据 要么具有良好的空间分辨率，要么具有良好的时间分辨率，但不能两者兼而有之。我们的初步 研究表明，非侵入性光学方法可以提供独特的 空间和时间分辨率的组合可用于 得出大脑活动的动态图。此外，这些技术是 与其他方法兼容。然而，我们对非侵入性的理解 光学方法尚不完善。本次活动的具体目的 项目是： (a) 扩展关于敏感性的初步调查结果 以及光学方法的空间和时间分辨率，(b) 提供 有关光信号基本机制的初始数据， (c) 评估光学方法提供深度的能力 信息，以及 (d) 进一步阐明之间的关系 光学和电学措施。该项目将直接涉及 同时比较电生理和光学数据 从具有可比空间的正常人类受试者的头部记录 和时间采样。结构性的，在某些情况下是功能性的，磁性的 共振数据也将从相同的受试者处获取。想要的 结果是开发了用于生成详细空间的工具 感觉、运动和认知过程中大脑活动的时间图 任务。未来可能的扩展包括组合应用 神经生理学研究的光学电生理学方法 认知以及神经和精神综合征。