Late-life Health Trends: Disparities and Explanations

晚年健康趋势：差异和解释

• 批准号: 7079649
• 负责人: VICKI A. FREEDMAN
• 金额: $ 31.71万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF MED/DENT NJ-SCH OF PUBLIC HEALTH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-05-01 至 2007-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7079649
• 关键词: aging; clinical research; epidemiology; experience; gender difference; health disparity; health surveys; human data; human mortality; human old age (65+); marriage /marital status; person with disability; racial /ethnic difference; socioeconomics; statistics /biometry

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Over the past decade, a consensus has emerged that disability prevalence rates have declined among older Americans. Several studies suggest that the prevalence of severe cognitive functioning also may be declining among older Americans. If such declines continue into the future, their effect on the nation's health and economic well-being could be incredibly far-reaching, with potentially more older Americans able to work longer and relatively fewer needing medical and long-term care. Yet the consequences of recent trends in late-life health remain open to debate in part because the direction of future trends remains illusive. Whether these improvements have been experienced widely is also still unclear and the explanations for the declines remain a scientific mystery. The goal of this project is to update and expand our understanding of trends in late-life health. We define health broadly to include chronic conditions and impairments; physical, cognitive, and sensory limitations; and disability. Drawing upon new data from the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS), the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) and its sister survey the Asset and Health Dynamics of the Oldest Old (AHEAD) study, and the Panel Survey Study of Income Dynamics (PSID), the latter a completely untapped source on this topic, we will: Aim I. Update trends in late-life health into the 21st Century. We will focus primarily on trends in the prevalence of late-life health measures but where possible also investigate the underlying incidence, recovery, and mortality processes driving prevalence trends. Aim II. Investigate the extent of disparities in health trends by race/ethnicity, sex, marital status, nativity, and socioeconomic status. By answering whether the gaps in prevalence are narrowing or widening, we will provide insight into future directions in overall trends. Aim III. Investigate the role of experiences earlier in life as a possible explanation for overall trends. In particular, we will focus on changes in early and midlife factors as possible influences driving improvements in late-life health.

描述（由申请人提供）：在过去的十年中，已经达成共识，即老年人的残疾患病率下降了。几项研究表明，在老年人中，严重认知功能的患病率也可能正在下降。如果这种下降持续到未来，它们对国家健康和经济福祉的影响可能会非常深远，可能会有更多的美国人能够更长的时间工作更长，相对较少的医疗和长期护理。然而，后期健康趋势最近趋势的后果仍然开放，部分原因是未来趋势的方向仍然是虚幻的。这些改进是否经历了广泛的经历，仍然不清楚，对下降的解释仍然是一个科学的谜团。该项目的目的是更新和扩展我们对后期健康趋势的理解。我们广泛定义健康以包括慢性疾病和障碍；身体，认知和感觉限制；和残疾。根据《国家健康访谈调查》（NHIS），健康与退休研究（HRS）及其姐妹调查的新数据，最古老的旧研究（前方）研究的资产和健康动态以及对收入动态的小组调查研究（PSID），后者是该主题的完全尚未开发的来源，我们将：AIM I. AIM I. AIM I. AIM I.在21St Century to 21st Century中更新趋势。我们将主要关注晚期健康措施流行的趋势，但在可能的情况下还要研究潜在的发病率，恢复和死亡过程驱动患病率的趋势。目标II。研究种族/种族，性别，婚姻状况，耶稣诞生和社会经济地位的健康趋势差异的程度。通过回答流行率是否正在缩小还是扩大，我们将洞悉整体趋势中未来的方向。目标三。研究早期经验的作用，以作为对整体趋势的可能解释。特别是，我们将重点关注早期和中年因素的变化，从而影响晚期健康的驾驶改善。