Adverse health effects of shift work

轮班工作对健康的不利影响

• 批准号: 9302340
• 负责人: EVA S SCHERNHAMMER
• 金额: $ 71万
• 依托单位: BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-09-01 至 2019-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9302340
• 关键词: Adverse; health; effects; shift; work

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Considerable uncertainty exists about the potential harm that shift work during pregnancy may impose on a mom's child, yet working night shifts during pregnancy is currently an established reality in the US. We have previously linked work schedules, particularly those involving night shifts, with an increased risk of spontaneous abortion and delivering pre-tem in the Nurses' Health Study 2 (NHS2). Now, we propose to continue our work by examining how exposure of the embryo and fetus to shift work may affect their health and chronic disease risk later in life. We will make use of a worldwide unique resource, which provides critical information on both moms and their offspring, including occupational shift work exposure during pregnancy: using existing data from the ongoing NHS2 cohort and Growing Up Today Study (GUTS), i.e. children of the nurses participating in NHS2, we will investigate the following 3 major hypotheses: (1) can shift work (prior to conception as well as during pregnancy) induce growth perturbations and altered mental health in the offspring, and how may this influence disease risk across the lifespan? (2) are worsened sleep parameters including lower overnight production of melatonin and higher awakening cortisol in young adulthood associated with such early life exposures? and (3) can we define critical developmental windows (e.g., preconception, embryonic, and fetal periods) during which shift work may influence chronic disease etiology. We have complete lifetime shift work history of the NHS2 moms of all 27,795 children in GUTS, 3,740 children whose moms additionally provided shift work history during pregnancy. In alignment with Healthy People 2020, this proposal addresses all NORA Sector Programs as well as the cross- sector programs "Work Organization and Stress Related Disorders", and "Cancer, Reproductive and Cardiovascular Diseases". Specifically, our proposal strives to explore whether night shifts may expose offspring of workers to heightened risk for disorders. Expected immediate outputs of our proposed research are publications, presentations/posters. Intermediate outcomes will be tracked by showing new policies that cite our work. We will disseminate our findings to other scientists through the peer-reviewed literature and scientific conferences. However, our primary target audience is workers - hence, we will communicate to nurses by our Nurses' Health Study 2 staff, as well as to other workers through the staff at NIOSH, using websites, newsletters, and social media presence. Our proposed research exemplifies the translation of research into practice (r2P) in that it may lead to actual changes in work practice for pregnant women. Ultimately, this is a potentially highly effective prevention practice, which can readily be adopte by any other workplace.

 描述（由适用提供）：关于怀孕期间的转变可能对妈妈的孩子施加的潜在危害存在很大的不确定性，但是在怀孕期间工作的夜班目前是美国的一个既定现实。我们以前已经将工作时间表（尤其是参与夜班的工作时间表）联系起来，并增加了赞助堕胎的风险，并在护士健康研究2（NHS2）中提供了预选前。现在，我们建议通过研究胚胎和胎儿转移工作的暴露如何影响其健康和慢性疾病风险，以继续生活。我们将利用全球独特的资源，该资源提供有关妈妈及其后代的关键信息，包括怀孕期间的职业转移工作暴露：使用正在进行的NHS2群体中的现有数据和今天的研究（肠道）研究（肠道），即护士的孩子，在NHS2中的护士的孩子们，我们将在NHS2的成长中进行调查（在以下3个主要的假设）中（1）概念（1）概念：1（1）概念：1（1）概念：1（1）概念：1（1）概念：1（1）概念：1（1）概念（1）。后代的心理健康，这可能如何影响整个生命周期的疾病风险？ （2）睡眠参数恶化，包括在与此类早期生活相关的年轻成年中降低褪黑激素的过夜生产和较高的觉醒皮质醇？ （3）我们可以定义关键的发育窗口（例如，先入为主，胚胎和胎儿时期），在此期间，转移工作可能会影响慢性病病因。我们拥有所有27,795名胆量儿童的NHS2妈妈的终生轮班工作历史，有3,740名妈妈在怀孕期间提供了转移工作历史的儿童。在与2020年健康人的一致性中，该提案涉及所有NORA部门计划以及跨部门计划“工作组织和压力相关疾病”以及“癌症，生殖和心血管疾病”。具体而言，我们的提议致力于探索夜班是否可能使工人的后代暴露于疾病的风险增加。我们拟议的研究的预期立即产出是出版物，演讲/海报。将通过展示引用我们工作的新政策来跟踪中级结果。我们将通过同行评审的文学和科学会议将我们的发现传播给其他科学家。但是，我们的主要目标受众是工人 - 因此，我们将使用NIOSH的员工，使用网站，新闻通讯和社交媒体的存在与护士健康研究2员工以及其他工人进行交流。我们提出的研究表明，将研究转化为实践（R2P），因为它可能导致孕妇的工作实践发生实际变化。最终，这是一种潜在的高效预防实践，可以很容易被任何其他工作场所改编。