(PQA1) FMRI Neurofeedback and Descision-Making in Habitual Cigarette Smokers

(PQA1) 习惯性吸烟者的 FMRI 神经反馈和决策

基本信息

批准号：
8928110
负责人：
Stephen Jeffrey Wilson
金额：
$ 16.39万
依托单位：
PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY, THE
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2014
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2014-09-16 至 2017-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8928110
关键词：
Abstinence Address Adverse effects Appearance Area Behavior Behavioral Biofeedback Brain Brain region Cancer Burden Cigarette Cigarette Smoker Cognitive Complement Control Groups Corpus striatum structure Country Cues Decision Making Development Educational Intervention Effectiveness Excision Exhibits Feedback Foundations Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Future Gifts Health Health Benefit Hygiene Imagery Incentives Individual Intervention Laboratories Learning Life Style Measures Methods Modeling Motivation Neurosciences Phase Placebo Control Placebos Preventable cancer cause Prize Procedures Psychological reinforcement Randomized Research Rewards Risk Signal Transduction Smoke Smoker Smoking Staging Stimulus Techniques Testing Thermometers Time Training Training Technics United States base biobehavior cancer type cigarette smoking clinically relevant contingency management craving deprivation group intervention improved mind control motivational processes neurofeedback non-drug novel reinforcer relating to nervous system response reward circuitry skills smoking cessation smoking intervention sound success willingness

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Cigarette smoking is the leading preventable cause of cancer in the United States. Helping smokers quit thus is one of the most effective means for reducing cancer burden in this country. Because most smokers find it incredibly difficult to stop smoking, enhancing the motivation to remain abstinent from cigarettes is widely seen as an essential step for improving their chances of success. Attempting to motivate quitting smokers to remain abstinent using nondrug rewards (e.g., money) is a particularly common intervention strategy. Although the use of nondrug rewards to aide quitting smokers is grounded in sound behavioral principles, mounting evidence indicates that nondrug rewards may be the least effective at reinforcing abstinence precisely when they are needed most (i.e., when smokers are tempted by an opportunity to smoke). Namely, simply anticipating having access to cigarettes in the near future appears to dampen the response to nondrug rewards in brain regions supporting reward valuation and motivational processing. This blunting is associated with a corresponding decrease in the willingness to resist smoking for a nondrug incentive, thus directly undermining the effectiveness of reward-based approaches to promoting cigarette abstinence. The proposed research addresses RFA-CA-13-017 (PQA1): Research Answers to NCI's Provocative Questions-Group A (PQA1) by testing the novel hypothesis that increasing brain responses to nondrug rewards may be an effective way to enhance the influence that such stimuli have on behavior in smokers. We propose to examine this idea using a technique called real-time functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) neurofeedback. Real-time fMRI neurofeedback is a type of biofeedback that involves training individuals to control brain responses by presenting them with information about ongoing brain activity. Daily smokers (n=90) will be randomly assigned to three groups (intervention, sham neurofeedback control, and no feedback control; n=30 each). Those in the intervention group will receive valid real-time fMRI neurofeedback aimed at training them to volitionally increase activity in brain reward regions. The control groups will undergo nearly identical procedures but receive sham [placebo] neurofeedback and no neurofeedback, respectively. We hypothesize that only smokers provided with valid neurofeedback will learn to reliably and voluntarily increase activation in reward-related brain regions using cognitive strategies (Aim 1). We predict that this learning will be durable, such tha smokers will be able to continue using cognitive strategies to increase reward-related brain activity after neurofeedback is removed (Aim 2). We also predict that this learning will be functional, such that clinically-relevant decision making (the willingness to choose a nondrug reward over smoking) is influenced when smokers use the same strategies outside of the scanner (Aim 3). If successful, the proposed study will open new avenues for using neurofeedback to expedite scientific discovery and facilitate the development of effective smoking interventions that can be used by smokers on a broad scale.

描述（由申请人提供）：吸烟是美国癌症的主要预防原因。因此，帮助吸烟者退出是减轻该国癌症负担的最有效手段之一。因为大多数吸烟者发现很难停止吸烟，因此加强戒烟的动机被广泛视为提高成功机会的重要步骤。试图激励戒烟者使用Nondrug Rewards（例如，金钱）戒酒是一种特别普遍的干预策略。尽管使用Nondrug奖励在辅助吸烟者中使用的行为原则扎根，但越来越多的证据表明，Nondrug的奖励可能是最不可能的，在最需要的时候确切地加强禁欲（即，当吸烟者被吸烟者被吸烟的机会吸烟时吸烟时吸烟的机会）。也就是说，仅仅希望在不久的将来获得香烟似乎会削弱对支持奖励估值和动机处理的大脑区域中对Nondrug奖励的反应。这种钝器与抵制非药物激励措施吸烟的意愿相应减少有关，因此直接破坏了基于奖励的方法促进戒酒的有效性。拟议的研究涉及RFA-CA-13-017（PQA1）：通过测试新的假设，即增加对Nondrug奖励的大脑反应可能是增强这种影响的有效方法，从而对NCI的挑衅性问题组A（PQA1）进行了研究答案。刺激对吸烟者的行为有。我们建议使用一种称为实时功能磁共振成像（fMRI）神经反馈的技术检查这个想法。实时fMRI神经反馈是一种生物反馈，涉及培训个体，通过向他们提供有关正在进行的大脑活动的信息来控制大脑反应。每日吸烟者（n = 90）将随机分配给三组（干预，假神经反馈控制和无反馈控制； n = 30）。干预小组中的那些人将获得有效的实时fMRI神经反馈，旨在培训他们在自愿增加大脑奖励区域的活动。对照组将接受几乎相同的程序，但分别接受假[安慰剂]神经反馈和无神经反馈。我们假设只有提供有效神经反馈的吸烟者才能使用认知策略来可靠，自愿地增加与奖励相关的大脑区域的激活（AIM 1）。我们预测，这项学习将是持久的，这种吸烟者将能够继续使用认知策略来增加与奖励相关的大脑活动后，将神经反馈去除（AIM 2）。我们还预测，这种学习将是功能性的，因此，当吸烟者在扫描仪外使用相同的策略时，会影响临床上与临床上的决策（愿意选择非药物奖励而不是吸烟）（AIM 3）。如果成功的话，拟议的研究将为使用神经反馈加快科学发现并促进有效的吸烟干预措施的开发开放新的途径，这些途径大规模地吸烟者可以使用。