Linking brain network dynamics to imminent smoking lapse risk and behavior

将大脑网络动态与即将戒烟的风险和行为联系起来

• 批准号: 10595369
• 负责人: Stephen Jeffrey Wilson
• 金额: $ 44.31万
• 依托单位: PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY, THE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-09-30 至 2027-07-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10595369
• 关键词: Abstinence; Acute; Address; Adult; Affect; Behavior; Behavioral; Brain; Cause of Death; Cigarette; Cognition; Complex; Coupling; Disease; Effectiveness; Failure; Female; Foundations; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Goals; Hour; Knowledge; Lateral; Lead; Link; Measures; Medial; Mental Processes; Methodology; Methods; Modeling; Negative Reinforcements; Neurobiology; Nicotine; Outcome; Parietal Lobe; Patient Self-Report; Pattern; Prefrontal Cortex; Prevention strategy; Process; Protocols documentation; Psychological reinforcement; Relapse; Research; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Scanning; Self-control as a personality trait; Smoke; Smoking; Smoking Behavior; Testing; Theoretical model; Thinking; Time; Work; base; cigarette smoking; cingulate cortex; clinically relevant; cognitive process; craving; design; executive function; imaging approach; improved; indexing; innovation; insight; male; negative affect; novel; prevent; psychologic; relating to nervous system; response; segregation; sex; smoking cessation; smoking relapse; trait

Project Summary Most attempts to quit smoking end in relapse, or a return to regular smoking. One of the biggest threats to cessation is a lapse (i.e., any cigarette use during a quit attempt). Thus, characterizing why lapses occur is essential to understanding and preventing smoking relapse. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is a promising method for characterizing the psychological processes that lead to smoking lapses because it provides a way to measures patterns of brain activity thought to reflect relevant mental processes as they change over time. However, methodological issues have hindered the ability to capitalize on this potential and prevented an understanding of how brain activity and corresponding psychological processes unfold in the critical moments that immediately precede a smoking lapse. The proposed project will address this knowledge gap using a novel fMRI paradigm adapted from a well-validated behavioral lapse task. This novel fMRI paradigm includes an in-scanner delay period that models the ability to resist smoking during acute nicotine abstinence and a post-scan ad-lib period that captures key aspects of the smoking behavior that follows. Adults who smoke will abstain from cigarettes for 12 hours before completing the fMRI lapse paradigm. The goals of the project are to characterize changes in brain activity that lead up to a lapse and to investigate how these changes are related to concurrent affect and subsequent cigarette use. The study will focus specifically on linking lapse-related outcomes to time-dependent interactions between two large-scale brain networks: the executive control network, which includes parts of the lateral prefrontal and parietal cortices, and the default mode network, which includes parts of the medial prefrontal and posterior cingulate cortices. The central hypothesis guiding the proposed research is that lapse-related behavior and affect will be predicted by the extent to which the default mode network and the executive control network are functionally segregated (i.e., the strength of the connectivity within the default mode and executive control networks, relative to connectivity between the networks). The aims of the project are: 1) To examine the association between time-dependent changes in brain network dynamics and subsequent risk of smoking lapse; 2) To examine the association between time-dependent changes in brain network dynamics and self-reported affect leading up to a smoking lapse; and 3) To examine the association between brain network dynamics directly before a lapse and reinforcement from the smoking that follows. An additional exploratory aim of the study is to evaluate potential moderators of the association between brain network dynamics and lapse-related outcomes. The proposed study capitalizes on an innovative experimental fMRI approach to study in real time the neural underpinnings of discrete smoking lapse episodes. Successful completion of the proposed research will advance theoretical knowledge regarding the neural and psychological antecedents of smoking lapses. Results will also have implications for improving the effectiveness of strategies designed to prevent smoking lapses.

项目摘要 大多数试图在复发中戒烟或恢复常规吸烟。最大的威胁之一 停止是一种失误（即，在戒烟期间使用任何香烟）。因此，表征为什么失误发生是 理解和防止吸烟复发至关重要。功能磁共振成像（fMRI）为 一种表征导致吸烟失误的心理过程的有前途的方法，因为它 提供了一种衡量大脑活动模式的方法，以反映相关的心理过程 随着时间的变化。但是，方法论问题阻碍了利用这一潜力的能力和 阻止了解大脑活动和相应的心理过程如何展开 紧接吸烟之前的关键时刻。拟议的项目将解决这一知识 使用新颖的功能磁共振成像范式适应了精心验证的行为失误任务的差距。这个小说fMRI 范式包括一个扫描延迟期，该期限模拟了在急性尼古丁期间抵抗吸烟的能力 禁欲和扫描后的广告时期，捕获了随后的吸烟行为的关键方面。 吸烟的成年人将在完成fMRI失败范式之前戒烟12个小时。这 该项目的目标是表征导致失误的大脑活动的变化，并调查如何 这些变化与并发情感和随后的香烟使用有关。该研究将专门集中 将与失散相关的结果与两个大型大脑网络之间的时间相关的相互作用联系起来： 执行控制网络，其中包括前额叶和顶叶皮层的一部分，默认 模式网络，其中包括内侧前额叶和后扣带回皮质的一部分。中央 指导拟议研究的假设是，与失误相关的行为和影响将由 默认模式网络和执行控制网络在功能上隔离的范围（即 相对于连接性，连通性的强度和执行控制网络的强度 在网络之间）。该项目的目的是：1）检查时间相关的关联 大脑网络动态的变化以及随后的吸烟风险； 2）检查关联 在大脑网络动态的时间变化和自我报告的影响之间导致吸烟的影响 失误； 3）在失误之前直接检查大脑网络动态之间的关联 随后的吸烟增强。该研究的另一个探索目的是评估潜力 大脑网络动力学与失散相关结果之间关联的主持人。提议 研究利用了一种创新的实验功能磁共振成像方法，以实时研究 离散的吸烟失误发作。成功完成拟议的研究将推进理论 关于吸烟失误的神经和心理前因的知识。结果也将有 改善旨在防止吸烟失误的策略的有效性的影响。