Neuronal properties and behavioral role of the auditory parabelt

听觉帕拉带的神经元特性和行为作用

基本信息

批准号：
8582482
负责人：
Yoshinao Kajikawa
金额：
$ 25.61万
依托单位：
NATHAN S. KLINE INSTITUTE FOR PSYCH RES
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2013
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2013-07-01 至 2015-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8582482
关键词：
Acoustics Action Potentials Amygdaloid structure Anatomy Anterior Area Attention Auditory Auditory Perception Auditory area Auditory system Autistic Disorder Behavior Behavioral Biological Assay Characteristics Clinical Cognition Cognition Disorders Cognitive Communication Communication impairment Complex Confocal Microscopy Corpus striatum structure Disease Emotional Emotions Evaluation Feedback Goals Human Injection of therapeutic agent Lesion Link Location Macaca Membrane Potentials Methods Monkeys Neurologic Neurons Output Parietal Lobe Pathway interactions Pattern Perception Performance Physiological Physiology Population Positioning Attribute Primates Process Property Psyche structure Pulvinar structure Reporting Role Route Sampling Schizophrenia Signal Transduction Source Speech Speech Perception Staging Stimulus Structure Structure of superior temporal sulcus Superior temporal gyrus Synapses Techniques Temporal Lobe Testing Thalamic structure Thick Time Tracer Training Work auditory stimulus awake cell type cognitive function density frontal lobe high risk indexing information processing neuropsychiatry preference public health relevance research study response segregation skills sound speech recognition

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Primate auditory cortex is composed of areas grouped in regions at 3 levels in a hierarchical order of core-belt- parabelt, and each region subdivides into multiple areas anatomically and physiologically. Auditory information processing proceeds through levels and through areas within every level. Still higher level regions in the temporal, frontal and parietal lobes, and the cortical areas within them, are hypothesized to be more heavily specialized for higher cognitive processes. Studies of core and belt regions have characterized auditory properties like spectral tuning and have suggested functional segregation of anterior "what" and posterior "where" pathways of information processing. Though the parabelt region is anatomically known to differentiate into caudal and rostral parabelt areas, the region has been barely explored physiologically. Our BROAD OBJECTIVE is to characterize the properties and functions of the parabelt areas in primates. Cognitive processes involving parabelt region are expected to require auditory attention. Higher order cognitive inputs and auditory inputs are predicted to differ in terms of their cortical laminar activation pattern. In tis study, we use behavioral tasks that require attentive processing using auditory stimuli optimized for basic characterization, electrophysiological methods that discern different types of inputs, as well as functional connections between parabelt regions, and anatomical techniques to define the fine microcircuit structure of actual connections between these regions. SPECIFIC AIM 1 is to characterize auditory response properties of parabelt neurons. SPECIFIC AIM 2 is to characterize the routes and dynamics of signal flow through parabelt regions, as well as the fine structure of underlying anatomical connections. Parabelt regions in humans are implicated in not only acoustic perception but also complex functions like speech communication. Delineating the physiological properties and functional/structural interconnections of parabelt region during attentive auditory performance will advance our basic understanding of auditory perception mechanisms that are of direct relevance to neuropsychiatric and communication disorders in humans.

描述（由申请人提供）：灵长类动物的听觉皮层由以3个级别分组的区域组成，该区域按核皮旁旁边的分层顺序分组，每个区域在解剖和生理上都分为多个区域。听觉信息处理通过级别和每个级别的领域进行。假设在时间，额叶和顶叶以及其中的皮质区域中，仍然更高的区域被认为更专业地用于更高的认知过程。对核心和皮带区域的研究表征了听觉特性，例如光谱调整，并提出了前“什么”和“后”的功能分离，其中信息处理的途径。尽管在解剖学上，偏对区域是分化为尾骨和延髓偏僻地区的区域，但该地区几乎没有在生理上进行探索。我们的广泛目标是表征灵长类动物中羟化柄区域的特性和功能。预计涉及偏僻降着区域的认知过程需要听觉关注。预计高阶认知输入和听觉输入在其皮质层流激活模式方面有所不同。在TIS研究中，我们使用的行为任务需要使用对基本表征进行优化的听觉刺激，电生理方法，以辨别不同类型的输入，例如以及对伞形区域之间的功能连接，以及解剖技术，以定义这些区域之间实际连接的精细微电路结构。具体目的1是表征正确分神经元的听觉响应特性。具体目标2是表征信号流的路由和动力学通过对抛物线能区域的路线和动力学，以及基础解剖连接的精细结构。人类中的对伞核区域不仅与声学感知有关，而且还涉及诸如语音交流之类的复杂功能。在细心的听觉表现期间，描述对羟基偏执板区域的生理特性以及功能/结构互连，将提高我们对与人类神经精神和沟通障碍直接相关的听觉感知机制的基本理解。