Mechanisms of multisensory integration in primate auditory cortex

灵长类听觉皮层多感觉整合机制

• 批准号: 7806618
• 负责人: Yoshinao Kajikawa
• 金额: $ 13.14万
• 依托单位: NATHAN S. KLINE INSTITUTE FOR PSYCH RES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-07-18 至 2012-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7806618
• 关键词: Affect; Animals; Auditory; Auditory area; Autistic Disorder; Brain; Communication; Disease; Disputes; Effectiveness; Emotions; Face; Functional disorder; Glean; Goals; Human; Institutes; Learning; Methods; Modality; Molecular and Cellular Biology; Neurons; Phase; Physics; Physiological; Physiology; Primates; Process; Schizophrenia; Sensory Process; Source; Staging; Techniques; Training; Translating; Visual; base; cognitive neuroscience; density; multisensory; neurophysiology; neuropsychiatry; novel; public health relevance; relating to nervous system; response; sensory integration; social cognition; theories; vocalization

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The broad goal of this proposal is to study the processing of audiovisual (AV) information in communication. This is key to my long term goal of understanding how this contributes to emotion and social cognition. Recent findings dispute the traditional view that cortical sensory processing is isolated within each modality for at least the first several processing stages, suggesting instead that the senses are already merging at the inception of cortical processing. There is also recent evidence that primary cortical integration of sensory input from any source makes instrumental use of the ambient oscillatory activity, omnipresent in the local neuronal ensemble, and that this provides the means for non-auditory inputs to modulate the processing of auditory inputs in primary auditory cortex (A1). Along with their broader implications, these findings have specific import for my project. Coming from a background in physics, molecular biology and cellular neurophysiology, my objective in joining the Cognitive Neuroscience and Schizophrenia Division at the Nathan Kline Institute was to learn how to study neuronal ensemble physiology using combined local field potential (LFP), multiunit activity (MUA) and current source density (CSD) analysis, and how to translate information gleaned with these techniques to a more direct understanding of homologous brain processes occurring in humans. I also needed grounding in the key conceptual issues pertinent to studying neuronal ensemble oscillations with these and other methods in both animals and humans. My project will focus on AV integration during vocalization processing in A1. I will study activity in A1 while they discriminate changes in the A and V components of conspecific vocalizations. As part of my training, I will participate in regular discussions of theory and technique in human EEG/ERP studies. I have one Specific Aim: To define the physiological mechanisms by which neuronal processing of vocalizations is affected by viewing the "speaker's" face. I will evaluate the hypothesis that vocalization-induced neuronal responses in A1 are amplified by coincident visual input using a novel "oscillatory phase-modulation" mechanism that I will outline in the following section. In evaluating this hypothesis, I will also determine the extent to which AV interactions in A1 conform to the Temporal Contiguity and Inverse Effectiveness Principles of multisensory integration. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE The findings contribute-to the understanding of the neural bases of communicative and social cognition dysfunctions that are prominent components of neuropsychiatric disorders such as autism and schizophrenia.

描述（由申请人提供）：该提案的广泛目标是研究通信中视听信息（AV）的处理。这是我理解这如何有助于情感和社会认知的长期目标的关键。最近的发现提出了传统观点，即至少在前几个处理阶段，在每种方式中都孤立了皮质感觉处理，这表明感官已经在皮质处理开始时已经合并了。最近还有证据表明，来自任何来源的感觉输入的主要皮质整合使环境振荡活动的工具使用在局部神经元合奏中无处不在，这为非审计输入提供了调节听觉输入中的非审计输入的手段。主听觉皮层（A1）。除了它们的广泛含义外，这些发现还针对我的项目有特定的进口。来自Nathan Kline Institute的认知神经科学和精神分裂症分裂的目的来自物理学，分子生物学和细胞神经生理学的背景，我的目的是学习如何使用局部领域（LFP）（LFP），MultoNunit活性（MUAA）学习神经元集合生理学（MUA） ）和当前的源密度（CSD）分析，以及如何将这些技术收集的信息转换为对人类发生的同源脑过程的更直接理解。我还需要在与动物和人类中这些方法和其他方法一起研究神经元合奏振荡有关的关键概念问题上。我的项目将重点放在A1发声过程中的AV集成上。我将研究A1的活动，而它们会区分各种发声的A和V组成部分的变化。作为我培训的一部分，我将在人EEG/ERP研究中进行定期讨论理论和技术。我有一个具体的目的：定义生理机制，通过查看“说话者”面部的脸部神经元处理会影响发声的神经元处理。我将评估以下假设：A1中发声诱导的神经元反应通过使用新颖的“振荡性相调节”机制来扩大A1中的神经元反应，并在下一节中概述了该机制。在评估这一假设时，我还将确定A1中的AV相互作用符合多感觉整合的时间连续性和反相反的原理。 公共卫生相关性这些发现促成了对沟通和社会认知功能障碍的神经基础的理解，这是神经精神疾病（例如自闭症和精神分裂症）的重要组成部分。