neurophysiology behavioral role and organization of the auditory parabelt

听觉帕拉带的神经生理学行为作用和组织

• 批准号: 9215216
• 负责人: Yoshinao Kajikawa
• 金额: $ 32.1万
• 依托单位: NATHAN S. KLINE INSTITUTE FOR PSYCH RES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-12-01 至 2021-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9215216
• 关键词: Acoustics; Anatomy; Architecture; Area; Auditory; Auditory Physiology; Auditory area; Auditory system; Autistic Disorder; Automobile Driving; Behavioral; Cognitive; Communication; Communication impairment; Complex; Discrimination; Disease; Dorsal; Electrophysiology (science); Face; Feedback; Frequencies; Goals; Human; Impairment; Injectable; Left; Location; Macaca; Maps; Measures; Modality; Modeling; Monkeys; Music; Neurologic; Neurons; Noise; Parietal; Pattern; Perception; Performance; Physiological; Physiology; Play; Prefrontal Cortex; Primates; Process; Property; Response Latencies; Role; Sensory; Side; Signal Transduction; Site; Source; Speech; Stimulus; Structure of superior temporal sulcus; Superior temporal gyrus; Surveys; Techniques; Temporal Lobe; Testing; Thalamic Nuclei; Thalamic structure; Tracer; Visual; Weight; Work; auditory stimulus; awake; information processing; network architecture; neurophysiology; preference; relating to nervous system; response; signal processing; sound; vocalization

Project summary/abstract Primate auditory cortex is composed of areas grouped in regions at 3 levels in a hierarchical order: core-belt- parabelt. Each region is subdivided into multiple areas. Auditory information processing proceeds through levels and through areas within every level. Information in the belt and parabelt regions diverges into parietal (dorsal) and temporal lobe (ventral), as well as different regions of prefrontal cortex. Growing evidence indicates that the representation of auditory information becomes more complex and abstract as the processing advances. This project focuses on the properties of the parabelt (PB) region on the superior temporal gyrus (STG) in macaque monkeys for two reasons. First, while PB is fairly well defined at a gross anatomical level in monkeys (e.g. it divides into caudal and rostral areas, CPB and RPB, respectively) detailed anatomical studies (architecture, intrinsic connectivity between CPB and RPB) have not been conducted. More detailed microstructural characterization of the macaque PB may help to better define the human PB. Second, while human STG has been implicated in various functions particularly related to perception of communication signals like speech, the physiological properties of the macaque PB have not been systematically studied, primarily due to the technical difficulties of accessing the macaque STG. Thus, the detailed auditory physiology of the macaque PB holds some of the key information missing in our understanding of the organization and functioning of the primate auditory cortex. Our BROAD OBJECTIVE is to characterize the physiological properties, functions and organization of the PB areas in primates. As PB areas are widely regarded as task-sensitive, we will record PB activity in monkeys performing sensory tasks that entail active discrimination of the test stimuli. SPECIFIC AIM 1 is to systematically characterize acoustic preferences (e.g. spectral and temporal tuning) of the PB neurons by examine their responsiveness to a battery of auditory stimuli. This will provide the first ever detailed survey of basic PB physiology. SPECIFIC AIM 2 is to characterize communication signal processing in PB. We examine neural responses to conspecific vocalization while manipulating their sensory modality or spectral/temporal domains and relate these responses to behavioral performance. Both AIMs also allow comparisons between CPB and RPB, and between hemispheres, to provide more details about PB organization. SPECIFIC AIM 3 is to investigate the network architecture of PB by exploring the connection patterns of PB anatomically and neurophysiologically. This will help understand how PB areas interact to process information and pass it to higher order areas. Several communication disorders (e.g. autism) implicate STG or higher level of auditory systems for its impaired functionality. Basic properties of STG (PB areas in the case of monkeys) are essential for understanding these, as well as basic sensory impairments.

项目摘要/摘要 灵长类的听觉皮层由按层次顺序分组的区域组成的区域组成：核心皮带 - 正确分。每个区域被细分为多个区域。听觉信息处理通过 水平并通过每个级别的区域。皮带中的信息和正确分区域分流到顶叶 （背叶）和颞叶（腹侧）以及前额叶皮层的不同区域。越来越多的证据 表明听觉信息的表示形式变得更加复杂和抽象 处理进展。该项目重点介绍了对正确的正确分（PB）在上级 猕猴中的颞回（STG）有两个原因。首先，虽然PB的定义相当明确 猴子的解剖水平（例如，它分别为尾和尾部区域，分别为CPB和RPB） 尚未进行解剖研究（结构，CPB和RPB之间的内在连通性）。更多的 猕猴PB的详细微观结构表征可能有助于更好地定义人类PB。第二， 虽然人类STG涉及到与交流感知有关的各种功能 诸如语音之类的信号，猕猴PB的生理特性尚未系统地研究， 主要是由于访问猕猴STG的技术困难。因此，详细的听觉生理学 猕猴的PB含有我们对组织的理解中缺少的一些关键信息， 灵长类动物听觉皮层的功能。 我们广泛的目标是表征PB的生理特性，功能和组织 灵长类动物区域。由于PB区域被广泛认为是任务敏感的，因此我们将记录猴子的PB活动 执行需要对测试刺激进行主动歧视的感官任务。具体目标1是 系统地表征了PB神经元的声学偏好（例如光谱和时间调谐） 检查他们对一系列听觉刺激的反应。这将提供有史以来的首次详细调查 基本PB生理学。具体目标2是表征PB中的通信信号处理。我们检查 神经对同种发声的反应，同时操纵其感觉方式或光谱/时间 域并将这些响应与行为绩效联系起来。两个目标还允许在 CPB和RPB以及半球之间，以提供有关PB组织的更多详细信息。具体目标3是 通过解剖和 神经生理学。这将有助于了解PB领域如何进行处理以处理信息并将其传递给 高阶区域。几种沟通障碍（例如自闭症）暗示了STG或更高水平的听觉 其功能受损的系统。 STG的基本特性（在猴子的情况下）是必不可少的 了解这些以及基本的感觉障碍。