neurophysiology behavioral role and organization of the auditory parabelt

听觉帕拉带的神经生理学行为作用和组织

基本信息

批准号：
9215216
负责人：
Yoshinao Kajikawa
金额：
$ 32.1万
依托单位：
NATHAN S. KLINE INSTITUTE FOR PSYCH RES
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2016-12-01 至 2021-11-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9215216
关键词：
Acoustics Anatomy Architecture Area Auditory Auditory Physiology Auditory area Auditory system Autistic Disorder Automobile Driving Behavioral Cognitive Communication Communication impairment Complex Discrimination Disease Dorsal Electrophysiology (science)Face Feedback Frequencies Goals Human Impairment Injectable Left Location Macaca Maps Measures Modality Modeling Monkeys Music Neurologic Neurons Noise Parietal Pattern Perception Performance Physiological Physiology Play Prefrontal Cortex Primates Process Property Response Latencies Role Sensory Side Signal Transduction Site Source Speech Stimulus Structure of superior temporal sulcus Superior temporal gyrus Surveys Techniques Temporal Lobe Testing Thalamic Nuclei Thalamic structure Tracer Visual Weight Work auditory stimulus awake information processing network architecture neurophysiology preference relating to nervous system response signal processing sound vocalization

项目摘要

Project summary/abstract Primate auditory cortex is composed of areas grouped in regions at 3 levels in a hierarchical order: core-belt- parabelt. Each region is subdivided into multiple areas. Auditory information processing proceeds through levels and through areas within every level. Information in the belt and parabelt regions diverges into parietal (dorsal) and temporal lobe (ventral), as well as different regions of prefrontal cortex. Growing evidence indicates that the representation of auditory information becomes more complex and abstract as the processing advances. This project focuses on the properties of the parabelt (PB) region on the superior temporal gyrus (STG) in macaque monkeys for two reasons. First, while PB is fairly well defined at a gross anatomical level in monkeys (e.g. it divides into caudal and rostral areas, CPB and RPB, respectively) detailed anatomical studies (architecture, intrinsic connectivity between CPB and RPB) have not been conducted. More detailed microstructural characterization of the macaque PB may help to better define the human PB. Second, while human STG has been implicated in various functions particularly related to perception of communication signals like speech, the physiological properties of the macaque PB have not been systematically studied, primarily due to the technical difficulties of accessing the macaque STG. Thus, the detailed auditory physiology of the macaque PB holds some of the key information missing in our understanding of the organization and functioning of the primate auditory cortex. Our BROAD OBJECTIVE is to characterize the physiological properties, functions and organization of the PB areas in primates. As PB areas are widely regarded as task-sensitive, we will record PB activity in monkeys performing sensory tasks that entail active discrimination of the test stimuli. SPECIFIC AIM 1 is to systematically characterize acoustic preferences (e.g. spectral and temporal tuning) of the PB neurons by examine their responsiveness to a battery of auditory stimuli. This will provide the first ever detailed survey of basic PB physiology. SPECIFIC AIM 2 is to characterize communication signal processing in PB. We examine neural responses to conspecific vocalization while manipulating their sensory modality or spectral/temporal domains and relate these responses to behavioral performance. Both AIMs also allow comparisons between CPB and RPB, and between hemispheres, to provide more details about PB organization. SPECIFIC AIM 3 is to investigate the network architecture of PB by exploring the connection patterns of PB anatomically and neurophysiologically. This will help understand how PB areas interact to process information and pass it to higher order areas. Several communication disorders (e.g. autism) implicate STG or higher level of auditory systems for its impaired functionality. Basic properties of STG (PB areas in the case of monkeys) are essential for understanding these, as well as basic sensory impairments.

项目概要/摘要灵长类听觉皮层由按层次顺序分为 3 个级别的区域组成：核心-带- 帕拉带。每个区域又细分为多个区域。听觉信息处理过程通过级别以及每个级别内的区域。带和副带区域的信息分化为顶叶（背侧）和颞叶（腹侧），以及前额皮质的不同区域。越来越多的证据表明听觉信息的表示变得更加复杂和抽象加工进步。该项目重点研究上部帕拉带（PB）区域的特性猕猴的颞回（STG）有两个原因。首先，虽然 PB 在总体上有相当明确的定义猴子的解剖水平（例如，它分为尾部和喙部区域，分别是 CPB 和 RPB）详细信息尚未进行解剖学研究（结构、CPB 和 RPB 之间的内在连接）。更多的猕猴 PB 的详细微观结构特征可能有助于更好地定义人类 PB。第二，而人类 STG 涉及各种功能，特别是与交流感知相关的功能像语音这样的信号，猕猴PB的生理特性还没有被系统研究过，主要是由于获取猕猴 STG 的技术困难。因此，详细的听觉生理学猕猴 PB 持有我们对组织的理解中缺失的一些关键信息，灵长类听觉皮层的功能。我们的广泛目标是表征 PB 的生理特性、功能和组织灵长类动物的区域。由于 PB 区域被广泛认为是任务敏感区域，我们将记录猴子的 PB 活动执行需要主动辨别测试刺激的感官任务。具体目标 1 是系统地表征 PB 神经元的声学偏好（例如频谱和时间调谐）检查他们对一系列听觉刺激的反应。这将提供有史以来第一次详细的调查基础 PB 生理学。具体目标 2 是表征 PB 中的通信信号处理。我们检查在操纵感觉形态或频谱/时间时对同种发声的神经反应领域并将这些反应与行为表现联系起来。两种 AIM 还允许进行比较 CPB 和 RPB，以及半球之间，提供有关 PB 组织的更多详细信息。具体目标 3 是通过探索 PB 的连接模式来研究 PB 的网络架构神经生理学上。这将有助于理解 PB 区域如何交互来处理信息并将其传递给高阶区域。多种沟通障碍（例如自闭症）与 STG 或更高水平的听觉有关系统的功能受损。 STG 的基本特性（猴子的 PB 区域）至关重要了解这些以及基本的感觉障碍。