Malaria Vector Population Genetic Division and Vector Competence in Hainan Island

海南岛疟疾媒介群体遗传划分及媒介能力

• 批准号: 8210435
• 负责人: LIWANG CUI
• 金额: $ 6.92万
• 依托单位: PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY, THE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-04-18 至 2014-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8210435
• 关键词: Adult; Agriculture; Anopheles Genus; Area; Beds; Behavior; Bite; China; Collaborations; Communities; Competence; Complex; Country; Culicidae; Development; Disease; Disease Outbreaks; Doctor of Philosophy; Drug resistance; Ecology; Effectiveness; Epidemiology; Evolution; Falciparum Malaria; Frequencies; Genetic Vectors; Grant; Heterogeneity; Infection; Insecticides; International; Island; Knowledge; Malaria; Measures; Membrane; Methods; Mixed Function Oxygenases; Monitor; Mosquito Control; Mutation; Myanmar; Parasites; Parents; Pattern; Pest Control; Plasmodium falciparum; Population; Population Genetics; Postdoctoral Fellow; Province; Public Health; Research; Resistance; Resistance development; Rest; Role; Sampling; Site; Smell Perception; Southeastern Asia; Specificity; Structure; Students; System; Testing; Thailand; Training; United States National Institutes of Health; Universities; anthropogenesis; base; chemotherapy; environmental change; experience; feeding; genetic analysis; improved; innovation; interest; microbial; parent grant; population genetic structure; preference; programs; pyrethroid; research study; resistance mechanism; response; skills training; socioeconomics; southeast Asian; tool; transmission process; vector; vector control

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Malaria Vector Population Genetic Division and Vector Competence in Hainan Island Project Summary Malaria is a significant public health problem and impediment to socioeconomic development in countries of the Greater Mekong Subregion of Southeast Asia. The tremendous geographical heterogeneity of malaria epidemiology in this region is associated with diverse vector systems with different vectorial capacities for the parasites. As the major measures of malaria control strategies, insecticide-treated bed nets and indoor sprays have resulted in pyrethroid resistance, and greatly reshaped the mosquito community and population structures. In Hainan Island of China, extensive use of insecticides for malaria control has led to an initially sharp decrease and recently rebound of Anopheles miminus, the key malaria vector in China and Southeast Asia. Not only has the insecticide-driven vector population succession restructured the vector community, but also the resurged mosquito population displayed altered biting preference. Based on these observations, we hypothesize that recent intensive malaria vector control measures and agricultural pest control measures have caused a significant ecological species succession and population genetic bottleneck of malaria vectors in Hainan Island, China. Therefore, this FIRCA proposal aims to take the advantage of geographical isolation of Hainan Island to elucidate the evolution of a major malaria vector in response to insecticide control. We will determine whether the different ecotypes of An. minimus from hilly and plain areas have different vectorial competence to Plasmodium falciparum infections. This study will provide invaluable information for the prediction of mosquito evolution in response to insecticides-based mosquito control measures in other malaria-endemic regions of Southeast Asia. The proposed research will contribute to building research capacity by training one Ph.D. student and one postdoc fellow from the endemic country. This project will be carried out primarily in China at Chongqing Normal University in collaboration with Dr. Bin Chen, as an extension of NIH grant U19 AI089672. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: This application focuses on the mechanism of evolution of a major malaria vector species as a result of intensive insecticides-based malaria control measures in Hainan Island, southern China. Knowledge obtained from this study will help predict evolution of vector population in areas with extensive insecticide use, and help improve the effectiveness of vector control programs. Further, this research will contribute to strengthening international collaborations and building research capacity in malaria research in Chongqing Normal University.

描述（由申请人提供）：海南岛项目的疟疾媒介种群遗传分裂和媒介能力摘要是疟疾的重大公共卫生问题，并且是东南亚大湄公河地区国家的社会经济发展障碍。该地区疟疾流行病学的巨大地理异质性与寄生虫具有不同矢量能力的不同媒介系统有关。随着疟疾控制策略的主要度量，经过杀虫剂处理的床网和室内喷雾导致了拟除虫菊酯的耐药性，并大大改造了蚊子社区和人口结构。在中国海南岛上，广泛使用杀虫剂来控制疟疾，导致最初急剧下降，最近的Anopheles Miminus反弹，Miminus是中国和东南亚的关键疟疾载体。杀虫剂驱动的载体种群继承不仅重组了媒介群落，而且还显示出蚊子的重现偏好的偏好改变了。基于这些观察结果，我们假设最近的强化疟疾载体控制措施和农业有害生物控制措施导致了中国海南岛的疟疾载体的重要生态物种继承和种群遗传瓶颈。因此，该FIRCA提案旨在利用海南岛的地理分离来阐明响应杀虫剂控制的主要疟疾载体的演变。我们将确定AN的不同生态型。来自丘陵和平原地区的Minimus与恶性疟原虫感染具有不同的矢量能力。这项研究将提供宝贵的信息，以预测蚊子进化，以响应基于杀虫剂的蚊子控制措施，以响应东南亚的其他疟疾流行区域。拟议的研究将通过培训一位博士学位来促进建立研究能力。学生和一名来自地方性国家的博士后研究员。该项目将主要在中国与Bin Chen博士合作在中国进行，作为NIH Grant U19 AI089672的扩展。 公共卫生相关性：该应用集中在中国南部海南岛采取的强化杀虫剂控制措施的结果上，主要是主要疟疾载体物种进化的机制。从这项研究中获得的知识将有助于预测广泛使用杀虫剂的地区的载体种群的演变，并有助于提高媒介控制程序的有效性。此外，这项研究将有助于加强国际合作和建立重庆师范大学疟疾研究的研究能力。