Validating Particulate Matter Monitors for Multiple Parameters

验证颗粒物监测仪的多个参数

• 批准号: 8179830
• 负责人: Steven N. Chillrud
• 金额: $ 51.55万
• 依托单位: COLUMBIA UNIV NEW YORK MORNINGSIDE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-09-07 至 2013-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8179830
• 关键词: Accounting; Address; Adult; Air; Airborne Particulate Matter; Area; Asthma; Award; Baltimore; Biological Markers; Breathing; Carbon Black; Chemicals; Child; Cohort Studies; Complex Mixtures; Cotinine; Data; Development; Disease; Dose; Environment; Environmental Exposure; Environmental Tobacco Smoke; Environmental air flow; Epidemiologic Studies; Exposure to; Funding; Genes; Genomics; Goals; Gold; Grant; Hand; Head; Health; Hour; Lead; Low income; Measurement; Measures; Methods; Metric; MicroRNAs; Molecular Profiling; Monitor; Nicotine; Noise; Not Hispanic or Latino; Optical Methods; Optics; Outcome; Particulate; Particulate Matter; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Plants; Population; Public Health; Questionnaires; Research Personnel; Running; Sampling; Sensitivity and Specificity; Smoking; Source; Specificity; Symptoms; Techniques; Technology; Testing; Time; Tobacco smoke; Universities; Weight; Work; absorption; abstracting; air monitoring; base; cohort; cost; falls; inner city; miniaturize; novel strategies; pollutant; programs; response; sensor; stressor; tool; usability

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Project Summary/Abstract The overall goal of this proposed study is to field test and validate recently developed particulate matter monitors for multiple parameters, including their usability as personal exposure tool for second hand tobacco smoke (SHS). A wide array of symptoms and diseases in both adults and children are associated with SHS exposure, and it has been concluded that there is no safe level of exposure to SHS, a stressor and confounder. The historical decline in smoking rates in the US population has leveled with an estimated 43% of the US population currently exposed to significant levels of SHS, suggesting that understanding the patterns of exposure for SHS, especially for poor children is still critically important. Standard exposure tools all have problems; additional methods, which are objective, quantitative and can assess personal exposure levels and pathways are critically needed. This proposal focuses on novel approaches for assessing personal exposure to SHS that have been built into the miniaturized particulate matter monitors recently developed by teams headed at Columbia University and RTI. Both teams have focused on approaches that provide both real-time data of key PM components, compliance and activity data, as well as collecting filters of sized PM that can be assessed in the lab for SHS by non-destructive optical methods. Prior work has shown that the activity monitors integrated into the RTI and Columbia monitors can predict ventilation rate as a function of time, allowing estimation of potential inhaled dose as an additional method. Our premise is that the advantages of using these two newly-developed air monitors will be that they will provide assessment of complex mixtures of PM while also providing more robust SHS exposure distributions with less exposure misclassification than traditional methods. This proposal brings together two groups from the GEI Chemical Sensor Program and investigators running inner city asthma cohort studies in NYC and Baltimore. Early versions of miniaturized particulate monitors developed by the two groups have been successfully deployed in lab and field tests and development is continuing in the current year, focusing on reductions in size and improvements in ease of use so as to decrease field costs and increase compliance. With this team, our goals will be accomplished via the following specific aims: Aim 1) Assess the usability and acceptability of the miniaturized personal air monitors for cohort studies. Aim 2) Assess the sensitivity and specificity of real time and integrative filter based methods for assessing exposure to second hand smoke and other sources of particulate matter. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Exposure to second hand tobacco smoke (SHS) continues to be a major public health threat as well as an important confounder when studying health impacts of other pollutants. This proposal focuses on validating novel approaches for assessing personal exposure to SHS that have been built into the miniaturized particulate matter monitors recently developed by teams headed at Columbia University and RTI. Better, validated exposure methods for SHS will eventually lead to a more complete understating of SHS exposure patterns and heath outcomes associated with a wide range of pollutants.

描述（由申请人提供）：项目摘要/摘要这项拟议的研究的总体目标是验证最近开发的颗粒物监测器，用于多个参数，包括它们作为二手烟草烟雾（SHS）的个人暴露工具（SHS）。成人和儿童的各种症状和疾病都与SHS暴露有关，并且得出的结论是，SHS，压力源和混杂因素没有安全的接触水平。美国人口吸烟率的历史下降已经升级，目前估计有43％的美国人口暴露于SHS水平，这表明了解SHS的暴露模式，尤其是对于贫困儿童而言，仍然至关重要。标准曝光工具都有问题；非常需要进行客观，定量并可以评估个人暴露水平和途径的其他方法。 该建议重点是评估个人接触SHS的新方法，这些方法已内置在哥伦比亚大学和RTI的团队最近开发的小型颗粒物监测器中。这两个团队都集中在提供关键PM组件，合规性和活动数据的实时数据的方法上，以及收集大小的PM的过滤器，可以通过非破坏性光学方法在实验室中评估SHS。先前的工作表明，整合到RTI和哥伦比亚监测仪中的活动监测器可以预测通风率随时间的函数，从而估计潜在吸入剂量作为另一种方法。我们的前提是，使用这两个新开发的空中监视器的优点将是，他们将对PM的复杂混合物进行评估，同时还提供比传统方法更少的更强大的SHS暴露分布，而暴露率较小。 该提案汇集了GEI化学传感器计划中的两组，以及在纽约市和巴尔的摩进行内城哮喘研究的研究人员。两组开发的小型颗粒监测器的早期版本已成功地部署在实验室，现场测试和开发在今年仍在继续，重点是降低规模和易于使用的易用性，以降低现场成本并提高合规性。 有了这个团队，我们的目标将通过以下特定目的来实现：目标1）评估小型个人空中监视器的可用性和可接受性用于队列研究。目标2）评估基于实时和集成过滤器的方法的敏感性和特异性，以评估暴露于二手烟以及其他颗粒物的来源。 公共卫生相关性：在研究其他污染物的健康影响时，接触二手烟草（SHS）仍然是一个主要的公共卫生威胁，也是重要的混杂因素。该建议着重于验证新的方法，以评估个人对SHS的个人接触，这些方法已内置在哥伦比亚大学和RTI的团队最近开发的小型颗粒物监测器中。更好的，经过验证的SHS暴露方法最终会导致对SHS暴露模式和与广泛污染物相关的卫生结果的低估。