Validating Particulate Matter Monitors for Multiple Parameters

验证颗粒物监测仪的多个参数

• 批准号: 8179830
• 负责人: Steven N. Chillrud
• 金额: $ 51.55万
• 依托单位: COLUMBIA UNIV NEW YORK MORNINGSIDE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-09-07 至 2013-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8179830
• 关键词: Accounting; Address; Adult; Air; Airborne Particulate Matter; Area; Asthma; Award; Baltimore; Biological Markers; Breathing; Carbon Black; Chemicals; Child; Cohort Studies; Complex Mixtures; Cotinine; Data; Development; Disease; Dose; Environment; Environmental Exposure; Environmental Tobacco Smoke; Environmental air flow; Epidemiologic Studies; Exposure to; Funding; Genes; Genomics; Goals; Gold; Grant; Hand; Head; Health; Hour; Lead; Low income; Measurement; Measures; Methods; Metric; MicroRNAs; Molecular Profiling; Monitor; Nicotine; Noise; Not Hispanic or Latino; Optical Methods; Optics; Outcome; Particulate; Particulate Matter; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Plants; Population; Public Health; Questionnaires; Research Personnel; Running; Sampling; Sensitivity and Specificity; Smoking; Source; Specificity; Symptoms; Techniques; Technology; Testing; Time; Tobacco smoke; Universities; Weight; Work; absorption; abstracting; air monitoring; base; cohort; cost; falls; inner city; miniaturize; novel strategies; pollutant; programs; response; sensor; stressor; tool; usability

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Project Summary/Abstract The overall goal of this proposed study is to field test and validate recently developed particulate matter monitors for multiple parameters, including their usability as personal exposure tool for second hand tobacco smoke (SHS). A wide array of symptoms and diseases in both adults and children are associated with SHS exposure, and it has been concluded that there is no safe level of exposure to SHS, a stressor and confounder. The historical decline in smoking rates in the US population has leveled with an estimated 43% of the US population currently exposed to significant levels of SHS, suggesting that understanding the patterns of exposure for SHS, especially for poor children is still critically important. Standard exposure tools all have problems; additional methods, which are objective, quantitative and can assess personal exposure levels and pathways are critically needed. This proposal focuses on novel approaches for assessing personal exposure to SHS that have been built into the miniaturized particulate matter monitors recently developed by teams headed at Columbia University and RTI. Both teams have focused on approaches that provide both real-time data of key PM components, compliance and activity data, as well as collecting filters of sized PM that can be assessed in the lab for SHS by non-destructive optical methods. Prior work has shown that the activity monitors integrated into the RTI and Columbia monitors can predict ventilation rate as a function of time, allowing estimation of potential inhaled dose as an additional method. Our premise is that the advantages of using these two newly-developed air monitors will be that they will provide assessment of complex mixtures of PM while also providing more robust SHS exposure distributions with less exposure misclassification than traditional methods. This proposal brings together two groups from the GEI Chemical Sensor Program and investigators running inner city asthma cohort studies in NYC and Baltimore. Early versions of miniaturized particulate monitors developed by the two groups have been successfully deployed in lab and field tests and development is continuing in the current year, focusing on reductions in size and improvements in ease of use so as to decrease field costs and increase compliance. With this team, our goals will be accomplished via the following specific aims: Aim 1) Assess the usability and acceptability of the miniaturized personal air monitors for cohort studies. Aim 2) Assess the sensitivity and specificity of real time and integrative filter based methods for assessing exposure to second hand smoke and other sources of particulate matter. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Exposure to second hand tobacco smoke (SHS) continues to be a major public health threat as well as an important confounder when studying health impacts of other pollutants. This proposal focuses on validating novel approaches for assessing personal exposure to SHS that have been built into the miniaturized particulate matter monitors recently developed by teams headed at Columbia University and RTI. Better, validated exposure methods for SHS will eventually lead to a more complete understating of SHS exposure patterns and heath outcomes associated with a wide range of pollutants.

描述（由申请人提供）：项目摘要/摘要这项拟议研究的总体目标是现场测试和验证最近开发的颗粒物监测器的多个参数，包括它们作为二手烟草烟雾（SHS）个人暴露工具的可用性。成人和儿童的多种症状和疾病都与二手烟接触有关，并且得出的结论是，二手烟是一种压力源和混杂因素，没有安全的接触水平。美国人口吸烟率的历史下降已与目前估计 43% 的美国人口暴露于显着水平的二手烟的水平持平，这表明了解二手烟的暴露模式，特别是对于贫困儿童来说，仍然至关重要。标准曝光工具都有问题；迫切需要客观、定量且能够评估个人接触水平和途径的其他方法。 该提案的重点是评估个人接触二手烟的新方法，这些方法已内置于由哥伦比亚大学和 RTI 领导的团队最近开发的小型颗粒物监测仪中。两个团队都专注于提供关键 PM 组件的实时数据、合规性和活动数据，以及收集可在实验室中通过非破坏性光学方法进行 SHS 评估的尺寸 PM 过滤器的方法。先前的工作表明，集成到 RTI 和 Columbia 监测器中的活动监测器可以预测通气率随时间的变化，从而可以作为一种附加方法估计潜在的吸入剂量。我们的前提是，使用这两种新开发的空气监测仪的优势在于，它们可以对复杂的 PM 混合物进行评估，同时提供更稳健的 SHS 暴露分布，与传统方法相比，暴露错误分类更少。 该提案汇集了来自 GEI 化学传感器项目的两个小组以及在纽约市和巴尔的摩进行内城区哮喘队列研究的研究人员。两个小组开发的小型颗粒监测仪的早期版本已成功部署在实验室和现场测试中，今年仍在继续开发，重点是缩小尺寸和提高易用性，以降低现场成本并提高合规性。 通过这个团队，我们的目标将通过以下具体目标来实现： 目标 1) 评估用于队列研究的小型个人空气监测器的可用性和可接受性。目标 2) 评估基于实时和综合过滤器的方法的敏感性和特异性，用于评估二手烟和其他颗粒物来源的暴露情况。 公共卫生相关性：接触二手烟草烟雾 (SHS) 仍然是主要的公共卫生威胁，也是研究其他污染物对健康影响时的重要混杂因素。该提案的重点是验证评估个人接触二手烟的新方法，这些方法已内置于由哥伦比亚大学和 RTI 领导的团队最近开发的小型颗粒物监测仪中。更好、经过验证的二手烟暴露方法最终将导致更全面地了解二手烟暴露模式和与各种污染物相关的健康结果。