Dietary And Nutritional Factors In Aging, Health, And Di

衰老、健康和糖尿病中的饮食和营养因素

• 批准号: 6674204
• 负责人: Alan B Zonderman
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON AGING
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6674204
• 关键词: adult human (21+); age difference; clinical research; dietary supplements; disease /disorder; epidemiology; folate; human mortality; human subject; longitudinal human study; nutrition of aging; nutrition related tag; vitamin B6

Summary of work: Nutrition evaluation in the male and female participants of the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging (BLSA) has been carried out by periodic collection of 7-day dietary diaries and by measurement of vitamin levels in plasma. The dietary technique has provided data over a 39 year period in men and a 19 year period in women. The ages of the participants range from 20 to 95 years. Since the BLSA is a multi- disciplinary study, it is possible to carry out correlations between nutritional intakes, and many other related variables, as well as a number of clinical outcomes. We are continuing the collection of 7-day food intake diaries in collaboration with USDA and HNRC scientists. We examined prospectively the relationship between dietary patterns and body composition among women and men participating in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study on Aging (BLSA) using cluster analysis. Our objective was to further elucidate the nutritional etiology of changes in adiposity over time as measured by body mass index and waist circumference using dietary patterning methods, specifically, cluster analysis. Many studies on dietary patterns have empirically derived a "healthy" type of dietary pattern that is relatively higher in fruits, vegetables, fiber, and other "healthy" foods. We hypothesized that a healthy dietary pattern would lead to smaller changes in body mass index and waist circumference compared to the other dietary patterns. We derived five dietary patterns, healthy, white bread, alcohol, sweet, and meat and potatoes. Mean annual change in BMI was 0.30 +/- 0.06 kilograms per squared meter for subjects in the meat and potatoes pattern compared to 0.05 +/- 0.06 kilograms per squared meter for those in the healthy pattern (P < 0.01). Mean annual change in waist circumference was more than three times greater for subjects in the white bread pattern (1.32 +/- 0.29 cm) compared to those in the healthy pattern (0.43 +/- 0.27 cm) (P < 0.05). Consuming a dietary pattern high in fruits, vegetables, reduced-fat dairy and whole grains and relatively low in red and processed meat, fast food, and soda may reduce increases in BMI and waist circumference. Given that foods are not consumed in isolation, dietary pattern research based on natural eating behavior may be useful in understanding dietary causes of obesity and helping individuals trying to control their weight.

工作摘要：通过定期收集 7 天饮食日记并测量血浆中维生素水平，对巴尔的摩衰老纵向研究 (BLSA) 的男性和女性参与者进行了营养评估。该饮食技术提供了男性 39 年和女性 19 年的数据。参与者的年龄从20岁到95岁不等。由于 BLSA 是一项多学科研究，因此可以确定营养摄入量和许多其他相关变量以及许多临床结果之间的相关性。我们正在与 USDA 和 HNRC 科学家合作，继续收集 7 天的食物摄入日记。 我们使用聚类分析前瞻性地研究了参与巴尔的摩老龄化纵向研究 (BLSA) 的女性和男性的饮食模式与身体成分之间的关​​系。我们的目标是进一步阐明肥胖随时间变化的营养病因（通过饮食模式方法（特别是聚类分析）通过体重指数和腰围测量）。许多关于饮食模式的研究都根据经验得出了一种“健康”类型的饮食模式，即水果、蔬菜、纤维和其他“健康”食物含量相对较高。我们假设，与其他饮食模式相比，健康的饮食模式会导致体重指数和腰围的变化更小。我们得出了五种饮食模式：健康、白面包、酒精、甜食、肉和土豆。肉和土豆模式受试者的 BMI 平均年变化为每平方米 0.30 +/- 0.06 公斤，而健康模式受试者的 BMI 平均年变化为每平方米 0.05 +/- 0.06 公斤（P < 0.01）。与健康模式的受试者（0.43 +/- 0.27 厘米）相比，白面包模式受试者的腰围年均变化（1.32 +/- 0.29 厘米）高出三倍多（P < 0.05）。食用富含水果、蔬菜、低脂乳制品和全谷物以及相对较少的红肉和加工肉类、快餐和汽水的饮食模式可能会减少体重指数和腰围的增加。鉴于食物不是孤立食用的，基于自然饮食行为的饮食模式研究可能有助于了解肥胖的饮食原因并帮助个人控制体重。