HIV/AIDS Prevention for Men with Intellectual Disabilities

智力障碍男性的艾滋病毒/艾滋病预防

• 批准号: 7925252
• 负责人: JENNIFER J. WELLS
• 金额: $ 20.92万
• 依托单位: TECH ASSISTANCE INST/INTELLECTUAL DISABL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-05-01 至 2012-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7925252
• 关键词: 18 year old; Abstinence; Address; Adult; Algorithms; Attention; Attitude; Behavior; Behavioral; Bisexual; CD-I; CD-ROM; Categories; Client; Clinic; Computers; Consumer Satisfaction; Contracts; Data Analyses; Decision Making; Development; Disabled Persons; Drug usage; Educational Curriculum; Educational process of instructing; Elements; Environment; Evaluation; Failure; Family; Family Caregiver; Female; Flowcharts; Focus Groups; Gays; Goals; HIV; Health; Hemp; Heterosexuals; Home environment; Homosexuals; Housing; Human immunodeficiency virus test; Individual; Injection of therapeutic agent; Institution; Instruction; Intellectual functioning disability; Knowledge; Language; Lead; Learning; Libraries; Life; Liquid substance; Literature; Marketing; Mediation; Methodology; Methods; Modeling; Names; Outcome; Pain; Parents; Perception; Phase; Population; Prevalence; Prevention; Prevention program; Procedures; Process; Production; Provider; Randomized; Relative (related person); Reporting; Research; Resources; Risk; Screening procedure; Series; Services; Sex Behavior; Sexual Abstinence; Sexual Health; Sexuality; Technology; Telephone Interviews; Television; Testing; United States; Unsafe Sex; Waiting Lists; Woman; Writing; advocacy organizations; animation; base; clinically significant; computer program; condoms; design; experience; falls; fight against; grasp; high risk; interactive multimedia; interest; male; man; men; motivational enhancement therapy; peer; penis; programs; prototype; public health relevance; remediation; residence; sex; sexual encounter; sexually active; skills; tool; transmission process

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The purpose of this application is to develop a fully interactive, multimedia computer-based CD-ROM HIV/AIDS prevention curriculum for adult men with mild and moderate intellectual disabilities (I.Q. approximately 940 through 75). This prototype (i.e., initial Phase I development effort) will focus on HIV/AIDS transmission and prevention related to sexual behavior. The Phase I program, "Respect Now" will develop a fully functional interactive CD-ROM prototype that addresses a) transmission of HIV/AIDS through sexual contact (i.e., what HIV/AIDS is, high-risk sexual fluids, sexual behavior), and b) taking responsibility for condom usage (i.e., what a condom is, where to purchase them, keeping them handy, how to put a condom on a penis). All content will be tailored by sexual behavior, by expressed sexual interest (heterosexual, bisexual or homosexual), and content mastery. Formative procedures (i.e., focus groups and telephone interviews) will be used to identify HIV/AIDS risk issues unique to men with ID (e.g., socially-appropriate responding; acquiescing; lack of ability to identify exploitative relationships, passivity, etc.) to inform program content, scriptwriting, and framing. To demonstrate the feasibility of our approach by evaluating the Phase I program with both of our targeted user groups: adult men with mild and moderate ID and service providers who would purchase and use the program with their clients. This evaluative approach will allow us to establish that the program is useable by men with mild and moderate ID, effective at teaching them about the transmission and avoidance of HIV/AIDS, and condom use, and that they rate it highly on essential consumer satisfaction factors. In addition, we will confirm that the program is seen by service providers as appropriate for their clients, that it provides vital information and that they would use it and recommend it to their colleagues. Positive outcomes on both these evaluative activities will validate moving forward with a Phase II product. At Phase II, the program will be expanded to address relationship-based HIV/AIDS avoidance strategies and getting tested for HIV/AIDS. To evaluate this expanded program, we will conduct a randomized wait-list control field test with at least 150 men with ID and 40 professional evaluators. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: While there continues to be little research on the prevalence of HIV/AIDS among people with intellectual disabilities (ID), there is reason to believe that the prevalence of HIV/AIDS in men with ID is similar to, if not greater than, that of the non-ID population. Research has shown that people with disabilities are more likely than their nondisabled peers to have been tested for HIV, however this is not true for people with ID. In fact, people with ID are significantly less likely to be tested for HIV (Neri, Bradley, & Groce, 2007). Men with ID who have sex with non-ID men commonly engage in sexual acts which are emotionally and physically painful, are characterized by extreme power imbalance, and because of their passivity, prone to unsafe sex practices (Thompson, 1994). The literature indicates that these men are highly susceptible to sexual exploitation by males without ID, and in our preliminary studies, by non-ID female addicts, both of which contribute to a significant risk for their contracting HIV/AIDS. Furthermore, males with ID are not infrequently involved in sexual behavior with other men, however they are not gay-identified, more often "trading favors" with their peers (Cambridge, 1997; Thompson, 1994). There is a significant need to assure all men with ID have the tools to make safer sexual decisions and avoid contracting HIV/AIDS.

描述（由申请人提供）：本申请的目的是针对患有轻度和中度智力障碍的成年男性开发完全互动的，基于计算机的CD-ROM HIV/AIDS预防课程（i.q。大约940至75）。该原型（即初始第一阶段的开发工作）将重点放在与性行为有关的HIV/AIDS传播和预防上。 The Phase I program, "Respect Now" will develop a fully functional interactive CD-ROM prototype that addresses a) transmission of HIV/AIDS through sexual contact (i.e., what HIV/AIDS is, high-risk sexual fluids, sexual behavior), and b) taking responsibility for condom usage (i.e., what a condom is, where to purchase them, keeping them handy, how to put a condom on a penis).所有内容将由性行为，表达性兴趣（异性恋，双性恋或同性恋）和内容精通量身定制。 形成性程序（即，焦点小组和电话访谈）将用于识别具有ID的男性所特有的艾滋病毒/艾滋病风险问题（例如，社会适当的响应；默认；缺乏识别剥削性关系，被动性等的能力）来告知程序内容，剧本写作，脚本写照和框架。通过与我们的两个目标用户组评估I期计划：具有轻度和中等ID和服务提供商的成年男性，他们将与客户购买和使用该计划。这种评估方法将使我们能够确定该计划可由ID温和和中等的男性使用，有效地向他们讲授有关艾滋病毒/艾滋病的传播和避免避孕套的传播和避免使用，并且它们在基本的消费者满意度因素上对其进行了很高的评价。此外，我们将确认服务提供商适合其客户，它提供了重要的信息，并将其使用并推荐给同事。这两种评估活动的积极结果将通过II期产品验证前进。 在第二阶段，该计划将进行扩展，以解决基于关系的艾滋病毒/艾滋病避免策略并接受艾滋病毒/艾滋病的测试。为了评估这一扩展的计划，我们将对至少有150名ID和40名专业评估者的男性进行随机等待名单控制现场测试。 公共卫生相关性：尽管智障人士（ID）的艾滋病毒/艾滋病患病率（ID）仍然很少研究，但有理由相信，ID男性的艾滋病毒/艾滋病患病率与非ID人群的艾滋病毒/艾滋病患病率相似。研究表明，残疾人比他们的非无效同龄人接受了艾滋病毒测试的可能性更大，但是对于有ID的人来说，这并不是这样。实际上，患有ID的人对HIV进行测试的可能性较小（Neri，Bradley和Groce，2007年）。与非ID男人发生性关系的ID男性通常从事情感和身体痛苦的性行为，其特征是极端权力失衡，并且由于他们的被动性，容易出现不安全的性行为（Thompson，1994）。文献表明，这些男人非常容易受到没有ID的男性性剥削的影响，在我们的初步研究中，非ID女性成瘾者，这两者都给他们的艾滋病毒/艾滋病带来了重大风险。此外，具有ID的男性很少与其他男人进行性行为，但是他们并没有被同性恋认同，更经常与同龄人“交易”（Cambridge，1997; Thompson，1994）。非常需要确保所有具有ID的男性具有做出更安全的性决定并避免染上艾滋病毒/艾滋病的工具。