Live Smart Live Safe: HIV Prevention for Youth with Intellectual Disabilities

聪明生活，安全生活：智障青少年的艾滋病毒预防

• 批准号: 8603172
• 负责人: JENNIFER J. WELLS
• 金额: $ 27.56万
• 依托单位: TECH ASSISTANCE INST/INTELLECTUAL DISABL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-09-23 至 2014-12-15
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8603172
• 关键词: 14 year old; AIDS prevention; Abstinence; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Address; Adolescent; Age; Area; Behavior; Body Fluids; Comprehension; Computers; Consumer Satisfaction; Data; Development; Devices; Educational Curriculum; Educational process of instructing; Ensure; Evaluation; Exercise; Feedback; Female; Focus Groups; Gender; HIV; HIV Infections; HIV risk; Health Promotion; Human immunodeficiency virus test; Instruction; Intellectual functioning disability; International; Knowledge; Learning; Life; Liquid substance; Literature; Longitudinal Studies; Methodology; Mission; National Institute of Mental Health; Online Systems; Personal Computers; Phase; Populations at Risk; Prevalence; Prevention; Prevention program; Procedures; Program Reviews; Provider; Public Health; Reporting; Research; Risk Factors; Role; Services; Sexual Health; Sexuality; Tablets; Target Populations; Teaching Method; Technology; Telephone Interviews; Testing; Time; Vulnerable Populations; Youth; base; boys; condoms; design; disability; flexibility; girls; health disparity; high risk; information processing; interactive multimedia; interest; literacy; male; meetings; motivational enhancement therapy; penis; preference; prevent; programs; prototype; public health relevance; remediation; sexual assault; skills; teacher; tool; transmission process

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The purpose of this application is to develop and evaluate the feasibility of an interactive, web-based HIV prevention curriculum for youth with intellectual disabilities (ID) (I.Q. approximately 55 through 70). A recent longitudinal study of male and female youth with disabilities reports that, by the time they were 18 or older (i.e., 18-21), 73% reported they had had sexual intercourse.1 Many youth with disabilities do not receive instruction on sexual health.2 This Phase I will focus on healthy relationship development and basic HIV knowledge. The Phase I program, "HIV Prevention for Youth with ID" will be tailored by age (11-14), gender, and sexual preference. Four content segments will be developed in Phase I prototype: 1) motivational segment for adolescents that normalizes sexuality and sexual health, a) healthy relationship development b) practices associated with abstinence, and c) transmission of HIV through high-risk body fluids. This project is consistent with the mission of the National Institute of Mental Health Division of AIDS Research (DAR), which supports proposals designed to prevent HIV transmission among at-risk populations. The predictive risk factors for HIV infection among people with intellectual disabilities (ID) are: a) high rates of sexual abuse3, 4 and sexual assault,5 b) information processing difficulties,6 and c) low literacy rates. 7 In Phase I, formative procedures with teachers and service providers (i.e., telephone interviews) will be used to identify youth knowledge of healthy relationships, abstinence, and HIV risk issues unique to youth with ID (e.g., lack of knowledge, socially-appropriate responding, unstable relationships) to inform program content, scriptwriting, and framing. A total of ten teachers and service providers will complete the telephone interviews. Focus groups with youth with ID (n= 8 females and n=8 males) will be conducted to identify knowledge and skill deficits associated with healthy relationship development, abstinence practices, and HIV transmission. The program will be pilot-tested with 10 youth with ID. To demonstrate the feasibility of our approach, the Phase I program will be evaluated with youth with ID (n=20 girls and n=20 boys). In addition, teachers, and service providers (n=15) will review the program to provide feedback on six areas of consumer satisfaction: ease of use, usefulness, interest, comprehensibility, acceptability, and persuasiveness. At Phase II, the program will be expanded to address taking responsibility for condom usage (i.e., what a condom is, where to purchase them, keeping them handy, how to put a condom on a penis), relationship-based HIV avoidance strategies and getting tested for HIV. In addition, a teaching guide will be developed to accompany the final Phase II product. The Phase II product will be a downloadable web-based program for use on personal computers, iPad(R), and other tablet based technologies, suitable for use by adolescents with ID.

描述（由申请人提供）：本申请的目的是为智障青少年（ID）（智商约为 55 至 70）开发交互式、基于网络的艾滋病毒预防课程并评估其可行性。最近一项针对残疾男性和女性青少年的纵向研究报告称，当他们年满 18 岁或以上（即 18-21 岁）时，73% 的人报告说他们曾发生过性交。1 许多残疾青少年没有接受过性方面的指导。 health.2 第一阶段将重点关注健康关系的发展和基本的艾滋病毒知识。第一阶段计划“智障青少年艾滋病毒预防”将根据年龄（11-14 岁）、性别和性取向进行定制。第一阶段原型将开发四个内容部分：1）青少年性行为和性健康正常化的激励部分，a）健康的关系发展，b）与禁欲相关的做法，以及c）通过高危体液传播艾滋病毒。该项目符合国家心理健康研究所艾滋病研究部 (DAR) 的使命，该部门支持旨在预防艾滋病毒在高危人群中传播的提案。智障人士 (ID) 感染艾滋病毒的预测风险因素包括：a) 性虐待3、4 和性侵犯发生率高，5 b) 信息处理困难，6 和 c) 识字率低。 7 在第一阶段，将利用与教师和服务提供者的形成程序（即电话访谈）来确定青少年对健康关系、禁欲和智障青少年特有的艾滋病毒风险问题的了解（例如，缺乏知识、缺乏社会适宜性）响应、不稳定的关系）来告知节目内容、剧本写作和框架。总共十名教师和服务提供者将完成电话采访。将针对智障青少年（n = 8 名女性和 n = 8 名男性）开展焦点小组讨论，以确定与健康关系发展、禁欲做法和艾滋病毒传播相关的知识和技能缺陷。该计划将在 10 名智障青少年中进行试点测试。为了证明我们方法的可行性，第一阶段计划将以智障青少年（n=20 名女孩和 n=20 名男孩）为对象进行评估。此外，教师和服务提供者（n=15）将审查该计划，以提供有关消费者满意度的六个方面的反馈：易用性、有用性、兴趣、可理解性、可接受性和说服力。 在第二阶段，该计划将扩大到解决安全套使用责任（即安全套是什么、在哪里购买、放在手边、如何将安全套戴在阴茎上）、基于关系的艾滋病毒避免策略和接受艾滋病毒检测。此外，还将开发教学指南以配合最终的第二阶段产品。第二阶段产品将是一个可下载的基于网络的程序，可在个人电脑、iPad(R) 和其他基于平板电脑的技术上使用，适合智障青少年使用。