Behavioral Models of Impulsivity: ETOH and 5-HT Effects

冲动行为模型：ETOH 和 5-HT 效应

• 批准号: 7599259
• 负责人: Donald M Dougherty
• 金额: $ 34.73万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HLTH SCIENCE CENTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-04-01 至 2010-04-19
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7599259
• 关键词: Accounting; Address; Affect; Aggressive behavior; Alcohol consumption; Alcohols; Amino Acids; Behavior; Behavior Disorders; Behavioral; Behavioral Model; Biological; Complex; Dependence; Disease; Dose; Elements; Environmental Risk Factor; Equilibrium; Ethanol; Etiology; Fibrinogen; Functional disorder; Human; Impulsive Behavior; Impulsivity; Individual; Individual Differences; Intervention; Laboratories; Life; Measurement; Measures; Modeling; Neuraxis; Participant; Patient Self-Report; Performance; Plasma; Play; Predisposition; Procedures; Process; Public Health; Reaction; Research; Research Personnel; Rewards; Role; Series; Serotonin; Stimulus; Suicide; Techniques; Time; Tryptophan; Woman; alcohol effect; base; biobehavior; design; drinking; experience; men; psychologic; research study; response; theories; tool

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): A series of experiments are proposed that will examine both the separate and the combined effects of alcohol and serotonin manipulations on two categorically distinct models of behavioral impulsivity (rapid-decision and reward-directed). To identify the time-course effects of these manipulations, healthy men and women will be evaluated at periodic intervals before and after pharmacological intervention. To determine whether rapid-decision and reward-directed models are differentially affected by alcohol and/or serotonin manipulations, each participant will experience all pharmacological conditions (repeated-measures design). In Experiment 1, we will examine dose effects of alcohol on behavioral impulsivity. In Experiment 2, we will examine dose effects of L-tryptophan loading and depletion (which alter central nervous system serotonin levels) on behavioral impulsivity. In Experiment 3, we will examine the interactive effects of alcohol and L-tryptophan manipulation on behavioral impulsivity. The aims of these studies are to determine: (1) the dose-dependent effects of alcohol (using 0.00, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, and 1.00 g/kg of alcohol) on rapid-decision and reward-directed models of impulsivity; (2) the dose-dependent effects of L-tryptophan manipulation (using depleting, loading, and balanced amino acid drink mixtures) on rapid-decision and reward-directed models of impulsivity; (3) how a biological state change produced by L-tryptophan manipulation can moderate vulnerability to the behavioral effects of alcohol; (4) how different components of impulsivity (rapid-decision and reward-directed models) are differentially affected by the alcohol and L-tryptophan manipulations; and (5) how baseline responding on these behavioral models relates to one another (accounting for shared and unique variance) and to self-report measures of impulsivity. Together, these studies will yield information important to understanding the relationship between alcohol and L-tryptophan and their individual and combined effects on human impulsive behavior. This will provide evidence that serotonin may act as a moderating factor for alcohol-induced behavioral impulsivity. These studies will serve as a basis for further exploration of how the behavioral effects of alcohol impact underlying mechanisms of impulsivity and what factors contribute to the individual differences observed in impulsive behavior after alcohol consumption.

描述（由申请人提供）：提出了一系列实验，该实验将检查酒精和5-羟色胺操纵对两个类别不同的​​行为冲动模型（快速决定和奖励指导）的单独和综合作用。为了确定这些操纵的时刻影响，将在药理学干预前后定期评估健康的男人和女性。为了确定快速决定和奖励指导的模型是否受到酒精和/或5-羟色胺操纵的影响，每个参与者都会经历所有药理状况（重复测量设计）。在实验1中，我们将检查酒精对行为冲动的剂量影响。在实验2中，我们将检查L-色氨酸负荷和耗竭（改变中枢神经系统5-羟色胺水平）对行为冲动的剂量影响。在实验3中，我们将检查酒精和L-色氨酸操纵对行为冲动的互动效果。这些研究的目的是确定：（1）酒精（使用0.00、0.25、0.50、0.75和1.00 g/kg的酒精）对快速决定和奖励指导的冲动模型的剂量依赖性影响； （2）L-色氨酸操纵（使用耗尽，负载和均衡氨基酸饮料混合物）对快速决策和奖励指导的冲动模型的剂量依赖性影响； （3）L-色氨酸操纵产生的生物状态变化如何适应酒精的行为影响； （4）冲动性的不同组成部分（快速决定和奖励指导的模型）如何受到酒精和L-色氨酸操纵的影响； （5）基线对这些行为模型的响应如何相互关系（占共享和独特的差异）和自我报告的冲动性衡量。这些研究将共同​​产生对了解酒精与l- tryptophan及其个体对人类冲动行为的综合影响的关系重要的信息。这将提供证据表明5-羟色胺可能是酒精引起的行为冲动的调节因素。这些研究将作为进一步探索饮酒的行为影响的基础，并如何影响冲动性的机制，以及哪些因素导致饮酒后冲动行为中观察到的个体差异。