Risk for Substance Use in Foster Adolescents: An fMRI Study of Inhibitory Control

寄养青少年的药物使用风险：抑制控制的功能磁共振成像研究

• 批准号: 7641173
• 负责人: Jacqueline Bruce
• 金额: $ 22.2万
• 依托单位: OREGON SOCIAL LEARNING CENTER, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-04-01 至 2011-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7641173
• 关键词: 6 year old; Adolescence; Adolescent; Adult; Adverse event; Affect; Age; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Awareness; Behavioral; Biological; Brain; Brain region; Caregivers; Child; Childhood; Cognitive; Corpus striatum structure; Data; Data Collection; Development; Diffuse Pattern; Dimensions; Drug abuse; Drug usage; Early treatment; Effectiveness; Emotional; Event; Family; Fostering; Foundations; Foxes; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Funding; Growth; Hostility; Hydrocortisone; Hypothalamic structure; Illicit Drugs; Intervention; Knowledge; Life; Link; Living Wills; Long-Term Effects; Low income; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Modeling; Neurobiology; Nursery Schools; Occipital lobe; Outcome; Parents; Parietal; Participant; Pattern; Pear; Performance; Physiological; Pituitary Gland; Population; Populations at Risk; Prefrontal Cortex; Prevention; Preventive Intervention; Problem behavior; Process; Punishment; Randomized; Recruitment Activity; Research; Research Support; Risk; Role; Sampling; Science; Services; Severities; Stress; Study Section; System; United States Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; base; design; drug abuse prevention; early adolescence; early experience; early onset drug use; efficacy trial; foster care; foster child; high risk; intervention program; maltreated children; maltreatment; neural circuit; neuroimaging; peer; programs; psychosocial; public health relevance; relating to nervous system; response; trial comparing

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Foster children have typically been exposed to a host of early adverse experiences. It is not surprising, therefore, that numerous studies have found foster children to be a high-risk group. Rates of early-onset drug use are particularly high among foster adolescents. In the proposed study, data will be collected from a subsample of children participating in an ongoing longitudinal randomized efficacy trial of a family-based intervention program of enhanced foster care. The objectives of the proposed study are to examine the neural substrates of inhibitory control, a cognitive process that has been linked to early-onset drug use, in former foster children and non-maltreated children between the ages of 10-13 years and to investigate the long-term impact of the intervention on inhibitory control and the underlying brain regions. This study will employ event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to examine behavioral performance and patterns of brain activation during a go/no-go task in 15 former foster children who received the intervention, 15 former foster children who received services as usual, and 15 non-maltreated, low-income children. It is hypothesized that the former foster children will perform more poorly and will display more diffuse patterns of brain activation during the task than the normal-treated children. However, it is hypothesized that the former foster children who received the intervention are expected to demonstrate better performance and more localized activation in expected brain regions than the former foster children who received services as usual. The impact of specific dimensions of early adverse experiences (e.g., number of caregiver disruptions and severity of maltreatment) on behavioral performance and patterns of brain activation will also be examined. This study will provide the foundation for an R01 application examining the association between the neural substrates of inhibitory control and early-onset drug use in the full sample from the efficacy trial in mid-adolescence. The proposed study is designed to generate preliminary data supporting this research and enhance our capacity to collect an analyze neuroimaging data. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Foster children are at significant risk for early-onset drug use and subsequent development of drug abuse problems. The proposed study will examine the effects of early adverse experiences and a family-based intervention on the brain regions involved in inhibitory control. The knowledge generated by this study will allow us to develop more precise and targeted interventions for foster children and other at-risk populations.

描述（由申请人提供）：寄养儿童通常会接触到许多早期不良经历。因此，毫不奇怪，许多研究发现养育儿童是一个高风险群体。在寄养青少年中，早发药物使用率尤其很高。在拟议的研究中，将从参加正在进行的纵向随机疗效试验的儿童的子样本中收集数据，该试验是基于家庭的寄养计划的基于家庭的干预计划。拟议的研究的目标是检查抑制性控制的神经底物，这是一种与早期发作的药物使用有关的认知过程，在以前的寄养儿童和10-13岁之间的未熟练儿童中，并研究了干预对抑制性控制和下层大脑区域的长期影响。这项研究将采用与事件相关的功能磁共振成像（MRI）来检查15名接受干预措施的前寄养儿童的行为表现和大脑激活模式，15名以前接受服务的前寄养儿童和15名非抗药性，并进行了15个非疗法的低收入​​，低收入的孩子。假设以前的寄养儿童的表现会更差，并且在任务期间比正常治疗的儿童表现出更多的弥漫性大脑激活模式。但是，可以假设接受干预措施的前寄养儿童比以往的前寄养儿童表现出更好的性能和预期的局部激活。还将检查早期不良经历的特定维度（例如，护理人员的数量和虐待的严重程度）对行为表现和大脑激活模式的影响。这项研究将为R01申请提供基础，该申请研究抑制性控制的神经底物与青春期疗效试验中的完整样本中的早期药物使用之间的关联。拟议的研究旨在生成支持这项研究的初步数据，并增强了我们收集分析神经影像数据的能力。公共卫生相关性：寄养儿童面临早发药物使用以及随后出现药物滥用问题的危险。拟议的研究将检查早期不良经历和基于家庭的干预对抑制性控制涉及的大脑区域的影响。这项研究产生的知识将使我们能够为寄养儿童和其他高危人群开发更精确和有针对性的干预措施。