Adapting a Decision-Making Task to Explore its ERP Correlates Through Adolescence

调整决策任务以探索其与青春期 ERP 的相关性

基本信息

批准号：
8445962
负责人：
Jacqueline Bruce
金额：
$ 19.59万
依托单位：
OREGON SOCIAL LEARNING CENTER, INC.
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2013
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2013-07-01 至 2015-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The ability to make advantageous decisions under conditions of risk is negatively related to health-risk behaviors such as delinquency, alcohol and drug use, and risky sexual behaviors. Although prior researchers have emphasized the importance of individual differences in and the developmental course of advantageous decision making, much of their research has relied on complex tasks designed to parallel real-life risky decision making. However, the complexity of these tasks has made it challenging to deconstruct the effects of outcome valence, probability level, and outcome magnitude on decision making and to examine the event-related potential (ERP) correlates of decision making. Thus, the underlying processes of decision making are not well understood. In the proposed study, we will modify an existing decision-making task, the Cups Task, for use with ERP techniques. The Cups Task assesses the ability to make advantageous decisions within the context of pure gains and losses. Each trial consists of a riskless choice that has a certain gain or loss and an uncertain, or risky, choice that has the potential to increase or decrease the gain or loss. A factorial manipulation of the probability level and outcome magnitude for the risky choices yields trials that are risk advantageous, risk equivalent, or risk disadvantageous based on the relative expected value of the certain and risky choices. Behavioral performance (e.g., proportion of risk-disadvantageous choices) and electrophysiological performance (e.g., amplitude of identified ERP components) on the modified task will be assessed in 150 participants (75 females) equally distributed across three age groups: late childhood (ages 10-11), early adolescence (ages 13-14), and late adolescence (ages 16-17). The modified task will be validated by examining the associations between behavioral and electrophysiological performance on this task and related measures such as behavioral indices of risky decision making. Additionally, the resulting dataset will provide an opportunity to examine the development of the underlying processes of decision making from late childhood to late adolescence. It is believed that research examining the processes underlying decision making will lead to the development of more precise explanatory models linking specific decision-making processes to later health-risk behaviors. Thus, this vein of research has the potential to aid in the early identification of children and adolescents at risk for later health-risk behaviors and to identify potential targets or preventive intervention services for these at-risk youth.

描述（由申请人提供）：在风险条件下做出有利决策的能力与健康风险行为（例如犯罪，酒精和吸毒以及有风险的性行为）有负相关。尽管先前的研究人员强调了个体差异的重要性和有利决策的发展过程，但他们的大部分研究都依赖于旨在平行现实生活中的风险决策的复杂任务。但是，这些任务的复杂性使得解构结果价，概率水平和结果幅度对决策的影响并检查与事件相关的潜力（ERP）相关性的影响。因此，决策的基本过程尚不清楚。在拟议的研究中，我们将修改现有的决策任务，即CUPS任务，以与ERP技术一起使用。 CUPS任务评估了在纯粹的收益和损失背景下做出有利决策的能力。每个试验都由一个无风险的选择组成，该选择具有一定的收益或损失以及不确定或有风险的选择，具有增加或减少收益或损失的潜力。风险选择的概率水平和结果幅度的阶乘操纵会产生风险有利，风险同等或风险不利的试验，这些试验基于某些和风险选择的相对期望值。行为表现（例如，风险与鉴定性选择的比例）和电生理性能（例如，在修改任务中确定的ERP组件的振幅）将在150名参与者（75名女性）中进行评估，该参与者（75个女性）平均分布在三个年龄段：童年晚期：晚期10-11（年龄10-11），早期（年龄10-11），早期的16-14岁（Ages 13-14）和agers（ages 14），且14-14岁。修改后的任务将通过检查该任务上的行为和电生理表现之间的关联以及相关措施，例如风险决策的行为指数。此外，由此产生的数据集将提供一个机会，以检查从童年晚期到青春期晚期决策的基本过程的发展。据信，研究了研究基础决策过程的研究将导致开发更精确的解释模型，将特定决策过程与后来的健康风险行为联系起来。因此，这种研究的脉络有可能帮助早期识别有后来健康风险行为的儿童和青少年，并为这些处于危险的青年确定潜在的目标或预防性干预服务。