A neuroimaging test of the reenforcement learning dysregulation model of addictio

成瘾者强化学习失调模型的神经影像学测试

• 批准号: 7774788
• 负责人: Antonio Rangel
• 金额: $ 23.85万
• 依托单位: CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-09-30 至 2010-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7774788
• 关键词: Area; Behavioral; Biomedical Research; Brain; Cigarette; Classification; Collaborations; Computer Simulation; Consensus; Consumption; Cues; Data; Decision Making; Development; Doctor of Philosophy; Dopamine; Economics; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Future; Goals; Grant; Health; Juice; Knowledge; Lead; Learning; Medial; Methods; Modeling; Nature; Neurobiology; Neurosciences; Nicotine; Operative Surgical Procedures; Pattern; Population; Postdoctoral Fellow; Prefrontal Cortex; Prevention program; Principal Investigator; Process; Psychological reinforcement; Psychologist; Public Health; Research; Research Design; Research Project Grants; Rewards; Students; System; Testing; Training; Validation; Ventral Striatum; Work; addiction; base; blood oxygenation level dependent response; cigarette smoking; conditioning; craving; design; drug of abuse; drug seeking behavior; experience; hedonic; improved; mesolimbic system; neuroeconomics; neuroimaging; novel; public health relevance; research study; theories; tool

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): There is a consensus among psychologists, neuroscientists, and clinicians that the consumption of addictive substances leads to malfunctions of brain's decision-making circutry, which eventually lead to systematic pathological choice. Advancements in behavioral neuroscience and neuroeconomics over the last decade have lead to the development of a number of competing theories about the nature of the underlying dysregulatory processes. One of the most prominent theories states that addiction is the result of a dysregulation of the reward learning circuitry. This application proposes three experiments that provide the first valid test of this theory. Aim 1 uses computational fMRI approaches imported from neuroeconomics in three novel experimental paradigms to test the theory. The grant also has a training component, Aim 2, designed to improve the nation's biomedical research base by training the Principal Investigator, a PhD student, and a post-doc on how to apply their knowledge on the neurobiology of decision making to the study of addiction. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: A necessary condition for developing more successful treatments and prevention programs for addiction is to understand what are the mechanisms through which the addictive substances interfere with the proper functioning of the brain's decision-making circuitry. Advances in behavioral neuroscience over the last decade have lead to the development of a number of competing theories about the nature of the underlying dysregulatory processes. One of the most prominent competing theories states that addiction is the result of a dysregulation of the reward learning circuitry, and in particular of the computations that are encoded by the mesolimbic dopamine system. The neuroimaging experiments proposed in this application will provide critical new tests of this theory. Testing this theory is important because both its validation and its refutation will advance public health by narrowing down the set of possible mechanisms that clinicians and neuropharmacologists will have to consider in developing new treatments for addiction.

描述（由申请人提供）：心理学家，神经科学家和临床医生之间存在共识，即成瘾性物质的消费会导致大脑决策循环发生故障，最终导致系统的病理选择。在过去的十年中，行为神经科学和神经经济学方面的进步导致了许多有关基础失调过程性质的竞争理论的发展。最杰出的理论之一指出，成瘾是奖励学习电路失调的结果。该应用程序提出了三个实验，这些实验提供了该理论的第一个有效测试。 AIM 1使用在三个新型实验范式中从神经经济学中导入的计算FMRI方法来检验该理论。该赠款还具有培训组成部分AIM 2，旨在通过培训主要研究员，博士生学生，以及关于如何将他们对他们对决策的神经生物学应用于成瘾研究的知识的知识来改善国家的生物医学研究基础。 公共卫生相关性：制定更成功的治疗方法和预防成瘾计划的必要条件是了解成瘾性物质会干扰大脑决策循环的适当功能的机制。在过去的十年中，行为神经科学的进步导致了许多有关基础失调过程性质的竞争理论的发展。最杰出的竞争理论之一指出，成瘾是奖励学习电路失调的结果，尤其是中氧化胺多巴胺系统编码的计算。本应用程序中提出的神经影像学实验将为该理论提供重要的新测试。对该理论进行测试很重要，因为它的验证和反驳都将通过缩小临床医生和神经药物医生在开发新的成瘾治疗方法时必须考虑的可能机制来改善公共卫生。