Human Health Effects Of Exposure To Organochlorine Compo

接触有机氯化合物对人类健康的影响

基本信息

项目摘要

Organochlorines such as the DDT metabolite DDE and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are persistent organic pollutants that may be toxic at levels encountered by the general population, through exposure in the food chain. PCBs interfere with neurodevelopment in animal experiments but human results are mixed. Each organochlorine has several types of biologic activity, so potential mechanisms of action are a challenge to pin down. For example, DDE interferes with androgen binding to its receptor, and it may also interfere with closing of sodium channels in cell membranes. Most of my work in this area is based on analysis of serum from pregnant women who were in a cohort study named the Collaborative Perinatal Project (CPP). Here I describe some of my results from the CPP study (not all is published yet). Results from other studies I have done on the health effects of persistent organic pollutants are indicated in the list of publications. Sera from over 50,000 pregnant women in the CPP have been frozen at -20 degrees Centigrade since 1959-1965, and with the health data on their offspring constitute a resource that is still actively used by many investigators. We selected a subset of about 2,800 children born in 1959-1966 and determined organochlorine concentrations in the corresponding stored maternal pregnancy sera. We have examined DDE levels in relation to fetal loss in previous pregnancies, and, in the CPP pregnancy, preterm birth, small-for-gestational-age, and birthweight; in all cases we found associations suggestive of adverse effects. To look for evidence of androgen-blocking, we examined maternal DDE level during pregnancy in relation to adjusted odds of cryptorchidism, hypospadias, and polythelia [extra nipples] among their male offspring; for these outcomes the results were suggestive but equivocal. We evaluated prenatal PCB exposure in relation to developmental assessment performance at 8 months of age, cognitive test scores (IQ) on the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC) at age 7 years, and hearing as reflected by audiometric examination at age 8 years. None of these studies showed any associations. Our dataset is very rich and we will continue to publish results based on the CPP for years to come. If we detect health effects of low-level exposure to organochlorine compounds, this will have several implications. First, if we see effects at levels encountered by the U.S. population at present, we will need to develop techniques to reduce intake or body burdens. A recent Institute of Medicine report suggested reduction of dioxin exposure in women of reproductive age, so this is not just a theoretical consideration. Second, we will need to decrease the production and use of persistent organochlorine compounds, especially DDT in developing countries (most other persistent organic pollutants have been banned in the United States and other developed countries). The decision to phase out DDT use for malaria control will depend heavily on data on adverse effects of DDT as compared with the alternative agents available for vector control. Last year's progress Because this project is now in the data analysis and reporting phase, the progress is reflected by the publications. Briefly, in the past year, we have reported on PCBs and neurodevelopment (no association in our data), and DDE and fetal loss (association found).
诸如DDT代谢产物DDE和多氯联苯(PCB)之类的有机氯氯是持续的有机污染物,在一般人群遇到的水平上可能是有毒的,并且通过食物链中的暴露。 PCB在动物实验中干扰神经发育,但人类的结果混合在一起。每种有机氯都有几种类型的生物学活性,因此潜在的作用机理是固定的挑战。例如,DDE会干扰其受体的雄激素结合,并且也可能干扰细胞膜中钠通道的关闭。 我在这一领域的大部分工作都是基于对孕妇的血清分析,这些孕妇正在一项名为“协作围产期项目(CPP)”的研究中。在这里,我描述了CPP研究中的一些结果(并非全部发表)。我对持续有机污染物的健康影响的其他研究的结果在出版物列表中指出。 自1959 - 1965年以来,CPP中有50,000多名孕妇的血清在-20摄氏度中被冷冻,其后代的健康数据构成了许多研究人员仍在积极使用的资源。我们选择了1959 - 1966年出生的约2,800名儿童的子集,并确定了相应的孕妇妊娠血清中的有机氯浓度。 我们已经检查了与以前怀孕的胎儿损失有关的DDE水平,并且在CPP怀孕,早产,小胎胎和出生体重方面;在所有情况下,我们都会发现社会表现出不利影响。为了寻找雄激素阻滞的证据,我们在怀孕期间检查了母体DDE水平,与雄性后代中的隐齿术,杂质和乳房(额外的乳头)有关。对于这些结果,结果暗示性但模棱两可。 我们评估了与8个月大的发育评估绩效有关的产前PCB暴露,在7岁时对儿童的Wechsler智能量表(WISC)上的认知测试评分(IQ),以及8岁时听力检查的听证会。这些研究均未显示任何关联。 我们的数据集非常丰富,我们将在未来几年中继续根据CPP发布结果。 如果我们检测到低水平暴露于有机氯化合物的健康影响,这将有几种影响。 首先,如果我们目前看到美国人口遇到的效果,我们将需要开发减轻摄入量或身体负担的技术。最近的医学研究所报告表明,生殖年龄妇女的二恶英暴露减少,因此这不仅仅是理论上的考虑因素。 其次,我们将需要减少持续的有机氯化合物的生产和使用,尤其是发展中国家的DDT(美国和其他发达国家已禁止大多数其他持续的有机污染物)。与可用于矢量控制的替代剂相比,决定逐步淘汰滴滴涕用于疟疾控制的DDT使用将在很大程度上取决于DDT的不良影响。 去年的进度 由于该项目现在处于数据分析和报告阶段,因此出版物反映了进度。简而言之,在过去的一年中,我们报告了P​​CB和神经发育(我们的数据中没有关联)以及DDE和胎儿损失(发现的关联)。

项目成果

期刊论文数量(0)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)

数据更新时间:{{ journalArticles.updateTime }}

{{ item.title }}
{{ item.translation_title }}
  • DOI:
    {{ item.doi }}
  • 发表时间:
    {{ item.publish_year }}
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    {{ item.factor }}
  • 作者:
    {{ item.authors }}
  • 通讯作者:
    {{ item.author }}

数据更新时间:{{ journalArticles.updateTime }}

{{ item.title }}
  • 作者:
    {{ item.author }}

数据更新时间:{{ monograph.updateTime }}

{{ item.title }}
  • 作者:
    {{ item.author }}

数据更新时间:{{ sciAawards.updateTime }}

{{ item.title }}
  • 作者:
    {{ item.author }}

数据更新时间:{{ conferencePapers.updateTime }}

{{ item.title }}
  • 作者:
    {{ item.author }}

数据更新时间:{{ patent.updateTime }}

Matthew P Longnecker其他文献

Matthew P Longnecker的其他文献

{{ item.title }}
{{ item.translation_title }}
  • DOI:
    {{ item.doi }}
  • 发表时间:
    {{ item.publish_year }}
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    {{ item.factor }}
  • 作者:
    {{ item.authors }}
  • 通讯作者:
    {{ item.author }}

{{ truncateString('Matthew P Longnecker', 18)}}的其他基金

ORGANOCHLORINE RESIDUE LEVELS AND RISK OF BREAST CANCER
有机氯残留水平和乳腺癌风险
  • 批准号:
    2156187
  • 财政年份:
    1994
  • 资助金额:
    --
  • 项目类别:
STUDIES OF PHENOLPHTHALEIN CONTAINING LAXATIVE USE AND NEOPLASIA
含酚酞缓泻剂使用与肿瘤的研究
  • 批准号:
    6106678
  • 财政年份:
  • 资助金额:
    --
  • 项目类别:
Effect Of Diet On Occurence Of Chronic Disease
饮食对慢性病发生的影响
  • 批准号:
    6535060
  • 财政年份:
  • 资助金额:
    --
  • 项目类别:
Effect Of Diet and Other Early Exposures on Child Health
饮食和其他早期暴露对儿童健康的影响
  • 批准号:
    7327728
  • 财政年份:
  • 资助金额:
    --
  • 项目类别:
Studies Of Phenolphthalein Containing Laxative Use
含酚酞缓泻剂用途的研究
  • 批准号:
    7007385
  • 财政年份:
  • 资助金额:
    --
  • 项目类别:
Human Health Effects Of Exposure To Organochlorine Compo
接触有机氯化合物对人类健康的影响
  • 批准号:
    7169658
  • 财政年份:
  • 资助金额:
    --
  • 项目类别:
Effect Of Diet On Occurence Of Chronic Disease
饮食对慢性病发生的影响
  • 批准号:
    6672967
  • 财政年份:
  • 资助金额:
    --
  • 项目类别:
HUMAN HEALTH EFFECTS OF EXPOSURE TO ORGANOCHLORINE COMPOUNDS
接触有机氯化合物对人类健康的影响
  • 批准号:
    6289981
  • 财政年份:
  • 资助金额:
    --
  • 项目类别:
Effect Of Diet and Other Early Exposures on Child Health
饮食和其他早期暴露对儿童健康的影响
  • 批准号:
    7169663
  • 财政年份:
  • 资助金额:
    --
  • 项目类别:
STUDIES OF PHENOLPHTHALEIN CONTAINING LAXATIVE USE AND NEOPLASIA
含酚酞缓泻剂使用与肿瘤的研究
  • 批准号:
    6432321
  • 财政年份:
  • 资助金额:
    --
  • 项目类别:

相似海外基金

Mechanisms Linking Hearing Loss and Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias
听力损失与阿尔茨海默病及相关痴呆症的联系机制
  • 批准号:
    9895606
  • 财政年份:
    2018
  • 资助金额:
    --
  • 项目类别:
Mechanisms Linking Hearing Loss and Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias
听力损失与阿尔茨海默病及相关痴呆症的联系机制
  • 批准号:
    10396525
  • 财政年份:
    2018
  • 资助金额:
    --
  • 项目类别:
Sensory and Perceptual Measures as Biomarkers of Alzheimer's Disease Pathology
感觉和知觉测量作为阿尔茨海默病病理学的生物标志物
  • 批准号:
    9477439
  • 财政年份:
    2015
  • 资助金额:
    --
  • 项目类别:
DEVELOPMENT OF CLINICAL MARKER FOR PERILYMPH FISTULA
外淋巴瘘临床标志物的开发
  • 批准号:
    3568210
  • 财政年份:
    1991
  • 资助金额:
    --
  • 项目类别:
DEVELOPMENT OF CLINICAL MARKER FOR PERILYMPH FISTULA
外淋巴瘘临床标志物的开发
  • 批准号:
    3550481
  • 财政年份:
    1991
  • 资助金额:
    --
  • 项目类别:
{{ showInfoDetail.title }}

作者:{{ showInfoDetail.author }}

知道了