Malaria Vector Biology in Brazil: Genetics and Ecology

巴西的疟疾媒介生物学：遗传学和生态学

• 批准号: 6890287
• 负责人: Jan E Conn
• 金额: $ 33.08万
• 依托单位: WADSWORTH CENTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-06-01 至 2008-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6890287
• 关键词: Anopheles; Brazil; animal genetic material tag; arthropod borne communicable disease; communicable disease transmission; disease vectors; ecology; environmental adaptation; enzyme linked immunosorbent assay; field study; malaria; polymerase chain reaction; population genetics

DESCRIPTION: (provided by the applicant): Anopheles darlingi remains the major Neotropical malaria vector in Brazil, but its importance may be diminishing in some ecologically altered environments, while increasing in others. Anopheles marajoara has been newly incriminated as the primary vector around the city of Macapa in Amapa state, Amazonian Brazil. Anopheles marajoara's importance in transmission appears to be increasing in disturbed habitats in this region. Changes in vector species may alter the epidemiology of malaria transmission in the Amazon. The overall goal of this project is to characterize and explain aspects of ecology, genetics and epidemiology of each of An. Marajoara and An. Darlingi in northeastern Amazonian Brazil. Among outcomes, this research may explain changing patterns of distribution of An. Darlingi and An. Marajoara in disturbed environments, along with providing insights to predict such changes in other vector species. The first specific aim of the proposal is to account for current patterns of distribution, abundance and infectivity of An. Marajoara and An. Darlingi by testing hypotheses in two ecoregions, savanna and lowland rainforest, and in agricultural settlements and gold mines. This will be investigated using field collections and ELISA. The second specific aim tests hypotheses of population structure, genetic diversity, differentiation and effective population size from representative population samples in the presence of ecological disturbance. Markers used are microsatellites and mitochondrial DNA Col gene sequences. Specific aim three examines potential changes in epidemiological patterns that might be expected to accompany ecological disturbance and will use data collected by the Brazilian government agency Fundacao Nacional da Saude to compare several locations in Amazonian Brazil. The fourth specific aim uses microsatellite markers to examine An. Darlingi in each of Manaus and Belem to determine the source of the documented reestablished populations, whether nearby or distant, and the extent of gene flow among all populations in and around each city.

描述：（由申请人提供）：达林按蚊仍然是主要的 巴西的新热带疟疾媒介，但其重要性可能正在减弱 一些环境发生了生态改变，而另一些环境则有所增加。按蚊 马拉霍拉（marajoara）新近被定罪为该市周围的主要传染媒介 马卡帕位于巴西亚马逊流域阿马帕州。马拉霍拉按蚊的重要性 在该地区受干扰的栖息地中，传播似乎正在增加。 媒介物种的变化可能会改变疟疾传播的流行病学 亚马逊。该项目的总体目标是描述和解释 每个 An 的生态学、遗传学和流行病学方面。马拉乔拉和安. 达林吉 (Darlingi) 位于巴西亚马逊流域东北部。在结果中，这项研究可能 解释 An 分布模式的变化。达林吉和安.马拉霍拉 受干扰的环境，并提供预测此类变化的见解 在其他媒介物种中。该提案的第一个具体目标是考虑 了解 An 的当前分布模式、丰度和传染性。 马拉乔拉和安.达林吉通过在两个生态区（稀树草原和 低地雨林、农业定居点和金矿。这将 使用现场采集和 ELISA 进行研究。第二个具体目标 检验种群结构、遗传多样性、分化的假设 以及来自代表性人口样本的有效人口规模 存在生态干扰。使用的标记是微卫星和 线粒体 DNA Col 基因序列。具体目标三考察潜力 预计可能伴随的流行病学模式的变化 生态干扰并将使用巴西政府收集的数据 机构 Fundacao Nacional da Saude 比较亚马逊流域的几个地点 巴西。第四个具体目标是使用微卫星标记来检查An。 马瑙斯和贝伦的 Darlingi 以确定记录的来源 重建的种群，无论是附近还是远处，以及基因的范围 每个城市及其周边地区的所有人口之间流动。