FishOtlilithPhysio - Fish Otolith Physiology, and Implications for Climate Change, Conservation, and Fisheries Management

FishOtlilithPhysio - 鱼类耳石生理学以及对气候变化、保护和渔业管理的影响

• 批准号: EP/Y023730/1
• 负责人: Rod Wilson
• 金额: $ 25.55万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF EXETER
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Fellowship
• 财政年份: 2024
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2024 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FY023730%2F1
• 关键词: FishOtlilithPhysio; Fish; Otolith; Physiology; Implications

Otoliths are calcium carbonate structures biomineralized in the inner ear of fish, and are used for balance and hearing. Otoliths grow continuously throughout the fish's life, forming continuous rings that can be aged much like trees. Today, fishery managers count otolith rings to estimate age, which is then incorporated into age-structured models to estimate wild fish populations. Fishery managers then use these otolith-reliant models to set catch limits to sustainably regulate fisheries and prevent overfishing. Many scientists also analyze the isotopic and elemental signatures of otoliths to gather historical environmental and metabolic factors such as temperature, diet, and salinity as experienced by the fish. Thus, the otolith is an invaluable tool for ecology, migratory biology, conservation, paleobiology, and fishery research. Despite its importance, our mechanistic understanding of otolith biomineralization remains poor. Furthermore, climate change will affect otoliths: ocean warming and acidification accelerate biomineralization, while hypoxia reduces it. This lack of mechanistic knowledge threatens the accuracy of otolith-reliant models, and by extension fisheriesmanagement under future climate change. Thus, there is an urgent need to develop foundational understanding on how the inner ear biomineralizes the otolith, its annual rings, and its elemental signatures. This proposal brings together Drs. Garfield Kwan, Rod Wilson, and Clive Trueman (secondment), who collectively have the world-leading expertise and state-of-the-art facilities in fish physiology, inner ear cell biology, and biogeochemistry necessary to investigate the ion-transport pathways responsible for otolith responses to warming, acidification, hypoxia, and feeding. This knowledge is critical to understanding how fish otoliths respond to future climate scenarios, and safeguard modern otolith-reliant tools, coastal economies, fisheries, and food security for communities around the world.

耳石是在鱼内耳中生物矿物质的碳酸钙结构，用于平衡和听力。耳石在整个鱼类的生命中不断生长，形成可以像树木一样老化的连续环。如今，渔业经理将耳石环计算为估计年龄，然后将其纳入年龄结构化模型中以估计野生鱼类种群。然后，渔业经理使用这些依赖耳石的模型来设定捕获限制，以可持续调节渔业并防止过度捕捞。许多科学家还分析了耳石的同位素和元素特征，以收集鱼类经历的温度，饮食和盐度等历史环境和代谢因素。因此，耳石是生态学，迁移生物学，保护，古生物学和渔业研究的宝贵工具。尽管它很重要，但我们对耳石生物矿化的机械理解仍然很差。此外，气候变化会影响耳石：海洋变暖和酸化加速生物矿化，而缺氧则减少了它。缺乏机械知识威胁着耳石偏置模型的准确性，并通过在未来气候变化下扩展了渔业管理。因此，迫切需要建立对内耳生物矿物如何使耳石，年度环及其元素签名如何化的基本理解。该提议汇集了Drs。加菲尔德·夸恩（Garfield Kwan），罗德·威尔逊（Rod Wilson）和克莱夫·特鲁曼（Clive Trueman）（借调）共同拥有世界领先的专业知识和最先进的设施，用于研究鱼类生理学，内耳细胞生物学和生物地球化学，以调查负责对耳凝的酸，酸化，酸化，酸化，低氧和喂养的离子 - 传输途径。这些知识对于了解鱼耳石如何应对未来的气候情景至关重要，并保护现代耳石依赖的工具，沿海经济，渔业和粮食安全。