Using physiology to optimise water quality and the sustainability of intensive recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS)

利用生理学优化水质和集约化循环水产养殖系统 (RAS) 的可持续性

基本信息

批准号：
BB/M017583/1
负责人：
Rod Wilson
金额：
$ 19.19万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF EXETER
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2015
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2015 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=BB%2FM017583%2F1
关键词：
Using physiology optimise water quality

项目摘要

The current FLIP proposal builds upon an existing BBSRC Industrial Partnership Award in collaboration with Skretting (the largest global producer of aquaculture feed). The existing project is based on a novel manipulation of diets that has already been demonstrated to improve the efficiency of converting food into growth by a remarkable 20 % under laboratory conditions. It uses laboratory studies with live fish to assess the energetic costs and health implications of feeding in aquaculture fish, and then to design optimal diet compositions to minimise these costs. It aims to make energetic savings for the fish in particular regarding acid-base and salt balance following a meal, and minimise how these natural disturbances impact upon respiratory gas exchange and excretory processes. The present FLIP proposal will use similar approaches to the above current BBSRC-funded project. However, whereas the current BBSRC-IPA project addresses dietary issues, this FLIP proposal specifically addresses newly discovered water quality changes that are particularly associated with intensive recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS).The present FLIP proposal seeks to use a 2-way interchange between academia and industry to address previously unconsidered factors that can have a major influence on the biology and efficiency of growth in fish. By facilitating an interchange of academic and industrial personnel between their respective sites this project aims to address these non-ideal changes in water chemistry associated with intensive recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS). It aims to establish (and ideally prevent) previously unrecognised energetic costs for fish caused by these water quality issues that can impair health, welfare, growth and ultimately the production efficiency in aquaculture. It is a collaboration with Anglesey Aquaculture Ltd (AAL), the largest marine RAS in Europe and the UK's only farm for seabass, a high value and commercially important fish. This form of land-based aquaculture is increasingly promoted worldwide due to its sustainability in terms of low water use and minimising environmental problems from waste products. However, the intensity of the aquaculture conditions creates water quality problems that must be countered, primarily a consumption of oxygen and excretion of carbon dioxide by the fish. This is compensated by large scale aeration of the recirculating water which effectively restores oxygen, but is often insufficient to removal all the animal's waste carbon dioxide which subsequently acidifies the water. To deal with this pH problem RAS operators added huge amounts of alkali (1-2 tonnes of caustic soda per day) at considerable cost. However, this pH compensation measure is now realised to create further water quality issues, specifically high alkalinity and low calcium within the water. These secondary changes are known to impair the physiology and energetics of fish, and are therefore suspecting of negatively impacting their feeding and growth.By facilitating a 2-way transfer of knowledge and skills (via direct secondments of one academic and one industry interchanger, at each other's site), this FLIP project aims to provide a cost-effective, evidence-based solution(s) to these specific water quality issues. Furthermore, we aim to embed a culture of problem-solving through academic-industrial collaboration into the fabric of both organisations such that future problems associated with sustainable production of fish can be avoided or mitigated in a timely fashion.

当前的翻转提案与Skretting（全球水产养殖饲料最大的生产国）合作建立在现有的BBSRC工业合作伙伴奖基础上。现有的项目是基于对饮食的新型操纵，该饮食已经被证明是在实验室条件下通过20％的20％将食物转化为生长的效率。它使用活鱼的实验室研究来评估水产养殖鱼类喂养的能量成本和健康影响，然后设计最佳的饮食组成，以最大程度地减少这些成本。它的目的是为鱼提供充满活力的节省，尤其是在进餐后酸碱和盐平衡，并最大程度地减少这些自然障碍如何影响呼吸气体交换和排泄过程。目前的翻转提案将对上述当前BBSRC资助的项目采用类似的方法。但是，尽管当前的BBSRC-IPA项目解决了饮食问题，但该翻转提案专门解决了新发现的水质变化，这些变化尤其与密集的再循环水产养殖系统（RAS）有关。目前的翻转提案旨在使用学术界之间的2条交换和行业旨在解决以前未经考虑的因素，这些因素可能会对鱼类生长的生物学和效率产生重大影响。通过促进各自站点之间的学术和工业人员的交换，该项目旨在解决与密集循环水产养殖系统（RAS）相关的水化学中这些非理想变化。它旨在建立（理想地预防）以前未被认为是由于这些水质问题引起的鱼类的能量成本，这些问题可能会损害健康，福利，增长以及最终在水产养殖中的生产效率。这是与欧洲最大的海洋拉斯（AAL）的Anglesey水产养殖有限公司（AAL）的合作，也是英国唯一的Seabass农场，这是高价值和商业上重要的鱼类。这种形式的陆基水产养殖形式越来越多地在全球范围内促进，因为它的可持续性在低水量和最大程度地减少了废物产品中的环境问题方面。但是，水产养殖条件的强度会产生水质问题，这主要是氧气消耗和鱼类二氧化碳的排泄。这是通过有效恢复氧气的循环水充气来补偿的，但通常不足以去除所有动物的废物二氧化碳，随后将水酸化。为了解决这个pH问题，RAS运营商以相当大的成本增加了大量的碱（每天1-2吨苛性钠）。但是，现在已经实现了这种pH补偿措施，以创造进一步的水质问题，特别是水中的碱度和低钙。已知这些次要变化会损害鱼类的生理和能量学，因此怀疑会对它们的喂养和成长产生负面影响。通过促进知识和技能的2向转移（通过直接借调一个学术和一个行业的互联网，在彼此的网站）该翻转项目旨在为这些特定的水质问题提供一种经济高效的基于证据的解决方案。此外，我们的目标是通过学术工业的合作将问题解决的文化嵌入两个组织的结构中，以便可以及时避免或减轻与鱼类可持续生产相关的未来问题。