LIMITS OF TEMPORAL ENCODING IN THE AUDITORY SYSTEM

听觉系统中时间编码的局限性

• 批准号: 3216164
• 负责人: PETER M. NARINS
• 金额: $ 15.12万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1983
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1983-07-01 至 1990-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3216164
• 关键词: Anura; auditory discrimination; auditory feedback; auditory pathways; auditory stimulus; biological information processing; fresh water environment; noise; noise biological effect; perceptual maskings; psychoacoustics; sequential perception; single cell analysis; stimulus /response

The overall goal of the proposed research is to understand how the vertebrate auditory system encodes time-varying biologically significant information in the presence of natural and artificially produced background noise. This will be accomplished by examining the temporal resolving ability of single auditory fibers and single cells in the central auditory system of anurans (frogs and toads) in the presence of narrowband, broadband, and natural background noise of various levels. Specifically, we shall address the following questions: (1) What are the absolute limits of phase-locking of single auditory neurons to sinusoidal stimuli and to what extent does phase-locking deteriorate in the presence of masking noise? (2) How is temporal coding affected by previous exposure to high-level noise (such as occurs in the animals' habitat)? (3) What are the temporal integration characteristics of the peripheral auditory system of anurans, are they affected by the level and character of the background noise, and do they reflect the characteristics of the animal's vocalizations? and finally, (4) How does the relative spatial orientation between signal and masker affect the temporal resolving ability of single cells? We believe these studies will provide much needed insight into the neural substrate underlying species-specific communication in adverse (noisy) environments, and that this work will serve as a model for the understanding fundamental problems of human speech perception in the presence of noise.

拟议研究的总体目标是了解 脊椎动物听觉系统编码时变的生物学意义 在存在自然和人为产生的背景的情况下的信息 噪音。 这将通过检查时间分析来实现 中央听觉中单个听觉纤维和单个单元格的能力 在存在窄带的情况下，Anurans（青蛙和蟾蜍）的系统， 宽带和不同级别的自然背景噪声。 具体来说， 我们将解决以下问题：（1）绝对限制是什么 单个听觉神经元与正弦刺激的相锁定和 在掩蔽存在下，相锁的变化程度在多大程度 噪音？ （2）如何受到先前暴露影响的时间编码 高级噪音（例如动物栖息地发生）？ （3）是什么 外围听觉系统的时间整合特征 Anurans，它们是否受背景的水平和特征的影响 噪音，它们反映了动物的特征 发声？最后，（4）相对空间方向如何 在信号和掩蔽之间影响单个的时间分辨能力 细胞？ 我们认为这些研究将为您提供急需的洞察力 神经底物在不利 （嘈杂）环境，这项工作将成为 了解人类言语感知的基本问题 存在噪音。