NEUROETHOLOGY OF SOCIAL COMMUNICATION

社交传播的神经行为学

基本信息

批准号：
2430981
负责人：
Walter Wilczynski
金额：
$ 11.76万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
1995
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
1995-06-01 至 1999-05-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2430981
关键词：
Anura acoustic nerve animal communication behavior animal ecology auditory discrimination auditory feedback behavior test behavioral /social science research tag electrophysiology environment evolution noise preference psychoacoustics sensory signal detection sex behavior social behavior

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (Adapted from applicant's abstract): This project investigates the mechanisms and evolution of social behavior and communication by adopting a within-species comparative approach to examine the neurobiology and behavior of social communication and mate choice of populations in different habitats. The cricket frog, Acris crepitans, will serve as the model system for this investigation, as a substantial body of work on geographic variation in communication signals and auditory system tuning, and their determination of mate choice behavior exists from work leading up to this proposal. This is an interdisciplinary project divided into three interrelated parts comparing two Texas populations of Acris crepitans, one occupying open grassland habitat typical of central Texas. First, the environmental acoustics of the habitats will be described. Sources and levels of environmental noise that could potentially interfere with this species' social communication will be identified by computer analysis of recordings made at natural breeding sites. Second, the sensitivity of the auditory system to the signal, the coding of signal intensity, and the ability of the auditory system to detect signals against background noise and encode their temporal characteristics will be examined via single unit neurophysiological studies of auditory nerve fibers. Third, two-choice phototaxis behavioral tests will examine females' abilities to detect calls in noise and their preferences for attenuated and degraded calls. Between-population comparisons at each stage will indicate how the habitats differ in their effects on acoustic signals; how the communication systems's signal (the call), receiver (the auditory), or both change in different habitats to mitigate these effects; and how the signal-receiver interactions influence behavioral mate choice. Synthesis of information across stages within populations will indicate whether habitat acoustics present a significant challenge, and hence selective force, for social communication given the neural and behavioral abilities of the auditory system, and will illuminate how capabilities, constraints, and biases in sensory systems influence social behavior.

描述（改编自申请人的摘要）：该项目研究社会行为的机制和演变通过采用物种内比较方法来进行交流检查社交沟通和交配的神经生物学和行为不同栖息地的种群选择。蟋蟀蛙，Acris crepitans，将作为本次调查的模型系统，作为关于通信地理差异的大量工作信号和听觉系统的调谐，以及它们的配偶决定选择行为存在于导致该提案的工作中。这是一个跨学科项目，分为三个相互关联的部分比较德克萨斯州的两个 Acris crepitans 种群，其中一个占据空地德克萨斯州中部典型的草原栖息地。一、环保将描述栖息地的声学效果。来源和水平可能干扰该物种的环境噪音社会传播将通过计算机分析来识别在自然繁殖地进行的记录。二、灵敏度听觉系统对信号、信号强度的编码，以及听觉系统检测背景信号的能力噪声和编码其时间特性将通过以下方式检查听觉神经纤维的单一单元神经生理学研究。第三，两项选择的趋光性行为测试将检查女性的能力检测噪音中的呼叫以及他们对衰减和衰减的偏好通话质量下降。每个阶段的人群间比较将表明栖息地对声信号的影响有何不同；通信系统的信号（呼叫）、接收器（呼叫）如何听觉），或在不同的栖息地都改变以减轻这些影响；以及信号接收者的相互作用如何影响行为择偶。人群内跨阶段信息的综合将表明栖息地声学是否构成重大挑战，因此，考虑到神经和社会沟通的选择力听觉系统的行为能力，并将阐明如何感觉系统的能力、限制和偏差影响社会行为。