NEUROETHOLOGY OF SOCIAL COMMUNICATION

社交传播的神经行为学

• 批准号: 2252555
• 负责人: Walter Wilczynski
• 金额: $ 10.83万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1995
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1995-06-01 至 1998-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2252555
• 关键词: Anura; acoustic nerve; animal communication behavior; animal ecology; auditory discrimination; auditory feedback; behavior test; electrophysiology; environment; evolution; noise; preference; psychoacoustics; sensory signal detection; sex behavior; social behavior

DESCRIPTION (Adapted from applicant's abstract): This project investigates the mechanisms and evolution of social behavior and communication by adopting a within-species comparative approach to examine the neurobiology and behavior of social communication and mate choice of populations in different habitats. The cricket frog, Acris crepitans, will serve as the model system for this investigation, as a substantial body of work on geographic variation in communication signals and auditory system tuning, and their determination of mate choice behavior exists from work leading up to this proposal. This is an interdisciplinary project divided into three interrelated parts comparing two Texas populations of Acris crepitans, one occupying open grassland habitat typical of central Texas. First, the environmental acoustics of the habitats will be described. Sources and levels of environmental noise that could potentially interfere with this species' social communication will be identified by computer analysis of recordings made at natural breeding sites. Second, the sensitivity of the auditory system to the signal, the coding of signal intensity, and the ability of the auditory system to detect signals against background noise and encode their temporal characteristics will be examined via single unit neurophysiological studies of auditory nerve fibers. Third, two-choice phototaxis behavioral tests will examine females' abilities to detect calls in noise and their preferences for attenuated and degraded calls. Between-population comparisons at each stage will indicate how the habitats differ in their effects on acoustic signals; how the communication systems's signal (the call), receiver (the auditory), or both change in different habitats to mitigate these effects; and how the signal-receiver interactions influence behavioral mate choice. Synthesis of information across stages within populations will indicate whether habitat acoustics present a significant challenge, and hence selective force, for social communication given the neural and behavioral abilities of the auditory system, and will illuminate how capabilities, constraints, and biases in sensory systems influence social behavior.

描述（改编自申请人的摘要）：此项目 调查社会行为的机制和演变 通过采用种类内比较方法来进行沟通 检查社会交流和伴侣的神经生物学和行为 在不同栖息地的选择。 板球青蛙，雅克 克雷皮人将作为此调查的模型系统，作为一个 关于沟通地理差异的大量工作 信号和听觉系统调整及其伴侣的决心 选择行为来自该提案的工作。 这是 一个跨学科项目分为三个相互关联的部分 比较了两个德克萨斯州的克雷皮人，一个人占据了 德克萨斯州中部典型的草原栖息地。 首先，环境 将描述栖息地的声学。 来源和水平 可能会干扰该物种的环境噪声 社交沟通将通过计算机分析来确定 在天然繁殖地进行录音。 第二，灵敏度 信号的听觉系统，信号强度的编码以及 听觉系统在背景下检测信号的能力 噪声和编码其时间特征将通过 听觉神经纤维的单位神经生理研究。 第三， 两项疗法行为测试将检查女性的能力 检测噪音的呼叫及其对衰减的偏好和 降级电话。 每个阶段的人口间比较将 表明栖息地对声学信号的影响有何不同； 通信系统的信号（呼叫），接收器如何 听觉），或两者都在不同的栖息地改变以减轻这些 效果；以及信号接收器相互作用如何影响行为 伴侣选择。 跨种群中各个阶段的信息综合 将表明栖息地声学是否带来重大挑战， 因此，鉴于神经和 听觉系统的行为能力，并将阐明如何 感官系统中的能力，约束和偏见影响 社会行为。