BIOLOGICAL CONSTRAINTS ON TUNING IN THE INNER EAR

内耳调谐的生物学限制

• 批准号: 2733634
• 负责人: PETER M. NARINS
• 金额: $ 28.21万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1983
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1983-07-01 至 2000-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2733634
• 关键词: Anura; acoustic nerve; auditory stimulus; biomechanics; ear hair cell; hearing; heterodyning; labyrinth; sound frequency; temperature; vibration perception; voltage /patch clamp

The overall goal of the proposed research is a richer understanding of the structural and physiological bases of frequency selectivity in the vertebrate auditory system. In particular, the primary objectives of the proposed research are to gain an understanding and appreciation of the mechanical and electrical factors underlying frequency resolution in the vertebrate auditory system, and to provide further insights into the mechanisms underlying stimulus interactions which affect tuning in the vertebrate inner ear. To accomplish the first objective, we intend to perform a series of three detailed investigations in order to (a) directly measure the motion of the tectorial membrane partition in response to sound and thus more precisely define the role of this structure in frequency analysis, (b) characterize in situ the temperature dependence of the tectorial membrane partition in its response to pure tones, and (c) systematically study the membrane properties of anatomically-defined hair cells from the amphibian papilla, and to relate these properties to the known tonotopic organization of the organ. To accomplish the second objective, we shall (d) extend our investigation of the interactions between acoustic and seismic stimuli on the recently characterized bimodal fibers in the eighth nerve, and (e) quantify the extent to which the extratympanic pathways to the inner ear play a role in sculpting the tuned responses of the peripheral auditory system. We believe that the data that result from this combined structure-function and neurethological approach will be rich in implications regarding the anatomical and neural substrate underlying the processing of complex sounds, and that this work will serve as a model for understanding fundamental problems of human speech perception in noisy environments.

拟议研究的总体目标是更丰富地了解 频率选择性的结构和生理基础 脊椎动物的听觉系统。特别是，该计划的主要目标 拟议的研究是为了获得对 频率分辨率的机械和电气因素 脊椎动物的听觉系统，并提供进一步的见解 影响调节的刺激相互作用的潜在机制 脊椎动物的内耳。为了实现第一个目标，我们打算 进行一系列三项详细调查，以便 (a) 直接 测量盖膜分区响应的运动 声音，从而更准确地定义该结构在 频率分析，（b）原位表征温度依赖性 盖膜分区对纯音的响应，以及（c） 系统地研究解剖学上定义的毛发的膜特性 来自两栖动物乳头的细胞，并将这些特性与 器官的已知音位组织。为了完成第二个 客观地说，我们将 (d) 扩大对相互作用的调查 最近表征的双峰的声学和地震刺激之间 第八神经中的纤维，并且（e）量化该神经纤维的程度 通往内耳的鼓室外通路在塑造调谐音方面发挥着作用 周围听觉系统的反应。我们相信数据表明 这种结构-功能和神经行为学方法相结合的结果 将会对解剖学和神经基质产生丰富的影响 复杂声音处理的基础，这项工作将服务于 作为理解人类言语基本问题的模型 嘈杂环境中的感知。