AUDITORY SYSTEM RESPONSE TO AIRBORNE AND SEISMIC STIMULI

听觉系统对空气和地震刺激的反应

• 批准号: 6605664
• 负责人: PETER M. NARINS
• 金额: $ 43.5万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1983
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1983-07-01 至 2006-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6605664
• 关键词: Amphibia; Mammalia; Rana; auditory ossicles; auditory pathways; auditory stimulus; ear hair cell; neural information processing; sound frequency; vibration; voltage /patch clamp

The overall goal of the proposed research is a quantitative description of the structural and physiological constraints on low-frequency selectivity in the vertebrate auditory system. In particular, the primary objectives of the proposed research are to gain an understanding and appreciation of the mechanical and electrical factors underlying airborne, substrate-borne and combination (bimodal) stimulus reception, and to provide further insight into the mechanisms underlying stimulus interactions which affect tuning in the vertebrate inner ear. To accomplish these objectives, a series of five detailed investigations will be performed in order to a (a) directly measure the motion of the middle ear ossicles in amphibians in response to airborne sound, substrate-borne vibration and bimodal stimulation, and thus more precisely define the role of these structures in low-frequency reception, (b) characterize the airborne and seismic response properties of the middle ear ossicles of two other "low- frequency" animals- the common and golden mole- and thus extend our observations to fossorial mammals, (c) quantify the extent to which the tectorial membrane responds to low-frequency sound and vibration in order to elucidate the role of this structure in bimodal processing, (d) systematically compare synaptic release in low-frequency (bimodal) and high-frequency (unimodal) hair cells from the amphibian papilla by tracking correlated capacitance changes in response to depolarization, and (e) extend our investigation of the nonlinear interactions between acoustic and seismic stimuli to the bimodal fibers in the eighth nerve. The data that result from this integrative structure-functional and neuroethological approach will be rich in implications regarding the anatomical and neural substrates underlying the processing of sound-vibration complexes; thus this work is expected to provide a framework for understanding the relationship between air-conducted and bone-conducted sound transmission in animals, including humans.

拟议研究的总体目标是对脊椎动物听觉系统低频选择性的结构和生理限制的定量描述。 特别是，拟议研究的主要目标是了解和欣赏空气传播的机械和电因子，基质 - 培养基和组合（Bimodal）刺激接收，并进一步深入了解影响刺激相互作用的机制在脊椎动物的内耳中调节。 为了实现这些目标，将对（a）直接测量两栖动物中中耳耳的运动，以响应机载声音，基质 - 传播振动和双峰刺激，然后更精确地测量两栖动物的运动的运动，从而更准确地说定义这些结构在低频接收中的作用，（b）表征了另外两个“低频”动物的中耳骨的空气传播和地震反应特性 - 常见和金色的摩尔 - 因此将我们的观察结果扩展到植物哺乳动物，（c）量化tectorial膜对低频声音和振动的反应程度，以阐明该结构在双峰加工中的作用，（d）系统地比较低频（双峰）和高频中的突触释放 - 通过跟踪对去极化的相关电容变化的相关电容变化，（e）将我们对八个神经中的双峰纤维之间的非线性相互作用的研究扩展了我们对非线性相互作用的研究，从两栖乳头乳头膜细胞（单峰）毛细胞进行了研究。这种综合结构功能和神经障碍方法产生的数据将具有对声音振动复合物处理的解剖学和神经底物的影响；因此，这项工作有望提供一个框架，以理解包括人类在内的动物（包括人类）的空气传导和骨传导声传播之间的关系。