PRECISE CONTROL OF TONGUE MOVEMENT

精确控制舌头运动

• 批准号: 2713203
• 负责人: STEPHEN J GOLDBERG
• 金额: $ 15.6万
• 依托单位: VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1994
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1994-06-01 至 2000-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2713203
• 关键词: antidromic impulse; biomechanics; brain electronic stimulator; digital imaging; electrophysiology; evoked potentials; histochemistry /cytochemistry; hypoglossal nerve; hypoglossal nucleus; image processing; laboratory rat; motor neurons; muscle contraction; muscle tension; neuroanatomy; neuromuscular function; photomicrography; silver chloride electrode; stereotaxic techniques; striated muscles; tetany; tongue

We propose to continue studies that examine the functional and structural organization of the hypoglossal (XIIth) nucleus with reference to the contractile properties (as measured by a strain gauge system) and electromyography (EMG) of the individual tongue muscles (i.e., the extrinsic genioglossus, styloglossus and hypoglossus muscles, plus the various intrinsic tongue muscles). The experiments will consist of three basic phases and are to be performed on totally anesthetized rats. 1) Anatomical studies using isolated nerve/muscle preparations will be done. Each of the three surgically isolated extrinsic muscles, in separate experiments, will be injected with the highly specific cholera toxin horseradish peroxidase conjugate (CTHRP) in order to retrogradely label the motoneuron (MN) pools for each muscle. These MNs will be classified according to their specific location within the XIIth nucleus, the total number of cells labeled and size as measured by cell body diameter. The final labeling study will involve the intrinsic muscles. The detailed findings from this approach should alleviate the current lack of knowledge and confusion regarding the myotopic organization of the hypoglossal nucleus. 2) Whole muscle and motor unit contractile properties will be studied, again using our isolated nerve/muscle preparations. Localized stimulation of antidromically identified MNs within a particular area of the hypoglossal nucleus will elicit contractions of one of the muscles while EMG recordings of the other extrinsic (or intrinsic) muscles will serve as controls to indicate which MN pool we are examining. The contractile characteristics studied will include twitch contraction time, fusion frequency, twitch tension, maximum tetanic tension and fatigue so that motor units can be classified according to type. 3) In conjunction with "2" above, hypoglossal motor unit recruitment will be assessed through stimulation of cortical sites known to evoke various tongue movements. The response hierarchy of antidromically identified motoneurons (within particular motoneuron pools), and their muscle units, to cortical stimulation will be assessed. These studies should lay a foundation for understanding how the XIIth nucleus is organized with respect to the forces produced in the tongue. Informed patient treatment and an understanding of the tongue muscle's complex movement patterns are possible only after its neuromuscular components have been delineated.

我们建议继续研究功能和结构的研究 降压核组织（Xiith）核的组织 收缩特性（通过应变计系统衡量）和 单个舌头肌肉的肌电图（EMG）（即 外在的Genioglossus，Styloglossus和hypoglossus肌肉，以及 各种固有的舌头肌肉）。 实验将包括三个 基本阶段，应在完全麻醉的大鼠上进行。 1）使用孤立的神经/肌肉制剂的解剖学研究将是 完毕。 三个外科手术隔离的外部肌肉中的每一个 单独的实验将注入高度特异的霍乱 毒素辣根过氧化物酶结合（CTHRP），以便逆行 标记每个肌肉的运动神经元（MN）池。 这些MN将是 根据其在Xiith核中的特定位置进行分类， 通过细胞体测量的标记和大小的细胞总数 直径。 最终的标签研究将涉及内在肌肉。 这种方法的详细发现应减轻目前的缺乏 关于肌关节组织的知识和混乱 低脑核。 2）将研究整个肌肉和运动单位收缩特性， 再次使用我们孤立的神经/肌肉制剂。 局部刺激 在特定区域内的抗抑制剂鉴定的MN 降压核会引起其中一种肌肉的收缩，而 其他外部（或固有）肌肉的EMG记录将作为 对照表明我们正在检查哪些MN池。 收缩 研究的特征将包括抽搐收缩时间，融合 频率，抽搐张力，最大的四张张力和疲劳，以便 电机单元可以根据类型进行分类。 3）与上面的“ 2”结合，降压运动单元招募将 通过刺激已知唤起各种的皮质位点进行评估 舌头运动。 抗原鉴定的响应层次结构 运动神经元（在特定的运动神经元池中）及其肌肉单元， 将评估皮质刺激。 这些研究应该为了解Xiith的基础 核是根据舌头产生的力组织的。 知情的患者治疗和对舌头肌肉的理解 复杂运动模式只有在其神经肌肉之后才有可能 组件已被描述。