EYE MOVEMENTS: FORCE, MOTION, AND ANATOMY RELATIONSHIPS

眼睛运动：力、运动和解剖关系

基本信息

批准号：
6524919
负责人：
STEPHEN J GOLDBERG
金额：
$ 25.06万
依托单位：
VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
1995
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
1995-12-06 至 2005-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The exquisite precision with which the eyes acquire, pursue and fixate visual targets appears to stand in contrast to the more gross methods used to correct abnormalities in the system. Extraocular muscles (EOMs) may be surgically shortened or repositioned to compensate for inappropriate motor activity. Botulinum toxin type A can be injected in order to weaken a particular muscle so that it may perform better in relation to other muscles, although force changes after such injections have not been systematically studied. The predicted outcome of these measures can be unreliable and the interventions may need to be repeated in the same patient because it's often difficult to obtain the proper alignment of the eyes with a single procedure. While the clinical effectiveness of these strategies is unquestioned, there is obvious need to improve their precision and predictability. This proposal, using cats and monkeys, will primarily focus on two related aspects of eye movement control exposed by perturbing the normal system. I) How does EOM contractile force change from O-2 months post botulinum toxin injection and do those changes directly relate to eye displacement changes? 2) How precise are motoneuron MN firing patterns during repeated identical movements and how might that precision be altered after botulinum toxin injection? Additionally, is there a relationship between VIth nerve branching and orbital and global layer of the lateral rectus muscle? Studies of EOM electromyography (EMG), muscle immuno-histochemistry and myosin expression will be carried out concurrently with the examination of these questions. The correlative evaluation of MN firing, whole muscle plus motor unit force, muscle cytology and EMG measures with eye displacement is unique and unavailable in either normal or botulinum toxin treated motor systems. It is hoped that these studies will provide information critical to clinicians seeking to improve patient outcomes as well as basic researchers who want to understand the complex dynamics of eye movements.

眼睛获得，追求和固定视觉目标的精确精度似乎与用于纠正系统中异常的更粗略方法相反。眼外肌肉（EOM）可以手术缩短或重新定位，以补偿不适当的运动活动。可以注入肉毒杆菌毒素A型，以削弱特定肌肉，以便与其他肌肉相关，尽管尚未系统地研究这种注射后的力变化。这些措施的预测结果可能是不可靠的，并且可能需要在同一患者中重复干预措施，因为通常很难通过单个程序获得正确的眼睛对齐。尽管这些策略的临床有效性是毫无疑问的，但显然需要提高其精度和可预测性。该提案使用猫和猴子，主要集中在通过扰动正常系统暴露于眼动控制的两个相关方面。 i）EOM收缩力从肉毒杆菌毒素注射后的O-2几个月发生变化，这些变化是否与眼睛位移直接相关？ 2）在重复相同的运动过程中，运动神经元MN发射模式如何精确，在注射肉毒杆菌毒素后如何改变该精度？此外，侧肌肌肉的垂直神经分支与轨道和全球层之间是否存在关系？ EOM肌电图（EMG），肌肉免疫 - 归化学和肌球蛋白表达的研究将同时研究这些问题。 Mn发射，全肌肉加运动单位力，肌肉细胞学和EMG测量的相关评估是独特的，并且在正常或肉毒杆菌毒素处理的运动系统中都无法使用。希望这些研究能为寻求改善患者预后的临床医生以及想要了解眼动动态的基础研究人员提供至关重要的信息。