AGING EYE--EFFECT ON SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL PROCESSING

眼睛老化——对空间和时间处理的影响

• 批准号: 2408478
• 负责人: Barry S Oken
• 金额: $ 7.24万
• 依托单位: OREGON HEALTH & SCIENCE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1997-07-15 至 1999-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2408478
• 关键词: aging; behavioral /social science research tag; cataract; clinical research; eye; human old age (65+); human subject; macular degeneration; neural information processing; neuropsychological tests; perceptual maskings; space perception; time perception; visual perception

The goal of this study is to define anatomic and functional changes in the visual system that have a significant negative effect on the visual cognition of healthy elders. These age-related changes are potentially remediable so the daily activities requiring visual cognitive function can be improved. It is hypothesized that the presence of ocular pathology and changes in elemental visual functions such as contrast sensitivity contribute to the age-related decline in visual cognition. We propose to study 150 functionally independent healthy subjects including 50 subjects over age 85 years who are part of a longitudinal aging study, the Oregon Brain Aging Study. This study group is uniquely suited to this proposed research in that they have been selected for optimal health and do not use any CNS-acting drugs, factors which may significantly confound most aging studies of visual processing. A standardized ophthalmologic exam will be performed to grade the presence of common ocular pathologies (cataracts and age- related macular degeneration), contrast sensitivity, and visual acuity. Visual cognituve cognition tasks that evaluate aspects of spatial and temporal processing. Temporally dependent cognitive processing will be assessed on a backward masking test, visual search tests and by analyzing fixations during recording of scanpaths. Spatially dependent cognitive processing will be assessed using a global-local figures task and a line orientation task. This research is extremely critical to better understand and ultimately improve ivisual cognitive function among elders, especially those over 85 years whose sensory deficits may be contributing significantly to their cognitive decline. Additionally, it is critical for all cognitive research in aging to determine the degree to which vision contributesto the intersubject variability in cognitive function amoung elders. This information is also needed to be able to relate age-associated changes in visual cognitive function to the underlying anantomy and physiology.

这项研究的目的是定义解剖和功能变化 视觉系统对视觉产生重大负面影响 认识健康长老。 这些与年龄有关的变化可能是 可以补充，因此需要视觉认知功能的日常活动 可以改进。 假设眼睛的存在 病理学和元素视觉功能的变化，例如对比度 敏感性有助于与年龄相关的视觉认知下降。 我们建议研究150个功能独立的健康受试者 包括85岁以上的50名受试者，他们是纵向的一部分 衰老研究，俄勒冈大脑老化研究。 该研究组是 独特地适合这项拟议的研究，因为他们已经 选择用于最佳健康，不使用任何CNS作用药物， 可能会严重混淆视觉衰老研究的因素 加工。 将进行标准化的眼科检查 等级存在常见的眼病理（白内障和年龄 - 相关的黄斑变性），对比度灵敏度和视力。 视觉认知认知任务评估空间和 时间处理。 时间依赖的认知处理将 在向后掩蔽测试，视觉搜索测试和通过 分析记录扫描路径期间的固定。 在空间上依赖 认知处理将使用全球本地人数任务进行评估 和线方向任务。 这项研究对于更好地理解并最终是至关重要的 改善长者之间的邪恶认知功能，尤其是那些 85年的感觉缺陷可能会大大贡献 他们的认知能力下降。 此外，这对于所有认知至关重要 衰老的研究以确定视力贡献的程度 认知功能的长老中的受试者间变异性。 这 还需要信息以关联与年龄相关的变化 在视觉上的认知功能中，对基础的呼吸道和 生理。