ADHD COGNITIVE DEFICITS--SEX DIFFERENCES AND STIMULANTS

多动症认知缺陷——性别差异和兴奋剂

• 批准号: 2409535
• 负责人: RAFAEL KLORMAN KLORMAN
• 金额: $ 22.08万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1997
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1997-07-01 至 2001-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2409535
• 关键词: attention deficit disorder; behavior test; clinical research; clinical trials; cognition disorders; electrostimulus; evoked potentials; gender difference; human subject; human therapy evaluation; job performance; mental disorder chemotherapy; methylphenidate; middle childhood (6-11); outcomes research; placebos

We propose to address gaps in present knowledge on girls with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Only two studies have examined the effectiveness of stimulants for ADHD girls, and both acknowledged limitations and urged replication with larger samples and more extensive assessment. Comparable cognitive deficits for ADHD boys and girls have been reported often, but studies have not examined specific aspects of attention, as opposed to energetic processes. We will test 30 ADHD girls, 30 ADHD boys, 30 normal girls, and 30 normal boys. Drug-free ADHD children will be contrasted to comparable like-sex controls on timing and activation of stimulus evaluation and response preparation in a selective attention (Eriksen flanker) task. Performance and event-related potentials (ERP; P3b and lateralized readiness potential) in these tasks will cast light on these issues. ADHD children will enter a double-blind crossover trial consisting of 3 consecutive weeks each of methyphenidate (0.75 mg/kg/day) and placebo. Teacher and parent ratings, arithmetic test, observations in a restricted academic situation, paired-associate learning test, and cognitive ERPs and performance in the flanker test will be studied during each phase of the trial. Controls will be tested at comparable intervals. We will assess the extent of sex differences in (a) improvement with stimulants, and (b) the degree of normalization obtained by comparing patients to controls at similar test points. The results should provide information on sex differences in ADHD cognitive deficits and their modification by stimulants in a statistically adequate sample.

我们建议弥补目前关于女孩的知识空白 注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）。 只有两项研究 检查了兴奋剂对多动症女孩的有效性，并且都 承认局限性并敦促用更大的样本进行复制 更广泛的评估。 多动症男孩的可比认知缺陷 和女孩经常被报道，但研究尚未检验 注意力的特定方面，而不是精力充沛的过程。 我们将 测试了 30 名多动症女孩、30 名多动症男孩、30 名正常女孩和 30 名正常男孩。 不吸毒的多动症儿童将与同类同性儿童进行对比 控制刺激评估和响应的时间和激活 选择性注意（埃里克森侧翼）任务的准备。 表现 和事件相关电位（ERP；P3b 和侧化准备度 这些任务中的潜力）将阐明这些问题。 多动症儿童 将进入双盲交叉试验，其中包括 3 个连续的试验 哌醋甲酯（0.75 mg/kg/天）和安慰剂各周。 老师 以及家长评分、算术测试、受限学术观察 情景、配对联想学习测试和认知 ERP 以及 侧翼测试的表现将在每个阶段进行研究 审判。 将以可比较的时间间隔对对照进行测试。 我们将评估 (a) 兴奋剂改善和 (b) 方面的性别差异程度 通过将患者与对照进行比较获得的标准化程度 在类似的测试点。 结果应提供有关性别的信息 ADHD 认知缺陷的差异及其修正 统计上足够的样本中的兴奋剂。