CENTRAL MECHANISMS OF CIRCADIAN RHYTHM REGULATION

昼夜节律调节的中心机制

• 批准号: 2262981
• 负责人: ROBERT Y. MOORE
• 金额: $ 23.46万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1979
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1979-09-01 至 1996-02-09
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2262981
• 关键词: afferent nerve; albino rat; animal developmental psychology; brain mapping; brain regulatory center; cats; circadian rhythms; efferent nerve; electrophysiology; embryo /fetus cell /tissue; enkephalins; environmental adaptation; ethology; hamsters; immunocytochemistry; laboratory rat; lateral geniculate body; nervous system transplantation; neural information processing; neuroanatomy; neuroendocrine system; neurogenesis; neuropeptide Y; neurotransmitters; psychopharmacology; retinal ganglion; single cell analysis; suprachiasmatic nucleus

Circadian rhythms are fundamental components of animals' adaptation to their environment. They provide a precise temporal organization of physiological and behavioral processes that is essential to survival. In mammals, circadian rhythms are generated by a circadian timing system (CTS) which contains a pacemaker, the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus (SCN) with its efferent projections and two visual entraining pathways, the retinohypothalamic tract (RHT) and the geniculohypothalamic tract (GHT). Disorders of the CTS are observed in sleep disorders, affective disorders, neuroendocrine diseases and ageing. The proposed research will analyze the functional organization of each component of the CTS. This will include a detailed analysis of retinal ganglion cells projecting to the SCN, and the source of the GHT, the intergeniculate leaflet (IGL). The IGL will be characterized morphologically and its afferent and efferent connections will be determined. we will attempt to determine the transmitters utilized by the RHT and GHT. The function of the GHT will be analyzed by measuring neuropeptide Y and enkephalin content and message level in the IGL, and SCN where appropriate, at different times of the circadian day. The function of entraining pathways will be analyzed by determining the phase the firing rate rhythm from single unit recordings from SCN in response to pharmacological treatments. The organization efferent projections of the SCN, particularly to the retrochiasmatic and subparaventricular areas, will be analyzed using retrograde transport, anterograde transport and immunocytochemistry. The functional relations between the CTS and effector systems expressing circadian function will be studied using transplants of fetal hypothalamic tissue. The objective is to determine what components of the SCN are required to restore function, what connections between host and graft are required and whether there is any specificity between graft content, location or connections and the type of circadian function that is restored.

昼夜节律是动物适应的基本组成部分 到他们的环境。 他们提供了一个精确的时间组织 生存对于生存至关重要的生理和行为过程。 在 哺乳动物，昼夜节律由昼夜节律系统产生 （CTS）包含起搏器，即 下丘脑（SCN）及其传出预测和两个视觉 纳入途径，视网膜丘脑区（RHT）和 临床型丘脑区（GHT）。 在CTS中观察到CT的疾病 睡眠障碍，情感障碍，神经内分泌疾病和衰老。 拟议的研究将分析 CTS的每个组件。 这将包括对 视网膜神经节细胞投射到SCN和GHT的来源， 互联网（IGL）。 IGL将被描述 形态学及其传入和传出的联系将是 决定。我们将尝试确定由 RHT和GHT。 GHT的功能将通过测量来分析 神经肽Y和IGL中的Enkephalin含量和消息级别，以及 在适当的情况下，在昼夜节日的不同时间。 这 通过确定相位，将分析进入途径的功能 来自SCN的单个单位记录的发射率节奏 进行药理治疗。 组织的传出预测 SCN，特别是对恢复性和下室内的scn 区域将使用逆行运输，顺行传输对区域进行分析 和免疫细胞化学。 CTS和 效应器系统表达昼夜节律功能将使用 胎儿下丘脑组织的移植。 目的是确定 恢复功能需要什么组件，什么 需要主机和移植之间的连接，以及是否存在 移植物内容，位置或连接与类型之间的特异性 还原的昼夜节律功能。