BEHAVIORAL EFFECTS OF MILK IN THE FETUS

牛奶对胎儿行为的影响

• 批准号: 3329816
• 负责人: WILLIAM P SMOTHERMAN
• 金额: $ 11.04万
• 依托单位: STATE UNIVERSITY OF NY,BINGHAMTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1991
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1991-09-01 至 1994-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/3329816
• 关键词: albino rat; animal developmental psychology; developmental neurobiology; early experience; embryo /fetus; gestational age; milk; mother /embryo /fetus nutrition; nutrition related tag; oral behavior; psychological models; psychomotor function; self organization; sensorimotor system; stretch reflex

Newborn mammals must acquire milk to survive. The stretch response, an example of species-typical motor behavior that typically occurs during suckling at the nipple, recently has been identified in the rat fetus. Using techniques that permit direct observation of healthy rodent fetuses and controlled presentation of chemosensory fluids to fetal subjects, it is now possible to apply experimental methods to study the stretch response and other aspects of behavior of the developing mammalian fetus in its environment. Because the fetus lacks specific experience with milk and does not require milk for its sustenance, responsiveness to milk can be studied in naive subjects over a range of prenatal ages. Moreover, study of the fetus obviates some of the complexities of studying the newborn, which by necessity must be removed from its homeostatic relationship with the mother to permit measurement of motor and sensory abilities. The prenatal period thus provides a unique testing ground for investigating the control and development of behavioral patterns that become functionally important after birth. Study of the fetal stretch response will serve as an animal model of prenatal motor development with direct relevance for postnatal behavior. In this proposal, we will: (a) investigate sensory factors that influence the expression of the stretch response, (b) characterize changes in motor behavior that organize the stretch response, (c) manipulate fetal behavior to promote earlier developmental expression of the stretch response, and (d) examine the interaction of fetal responses to milk and other sensory-based behavior. The concept of self-organization will be applied to the study of fetal behavioral responses to milk as a model for understanding the process of developmental change.

新生儿哺乳动物必须获取牛奶才能生存。 拉伸响应，一个 物种典型运动行为的示例，通常发生在 最近在大鼠胎儿中发现了乳头的哺乳。 使用允许直接观察健康啮齿动物的技术 并受控化学感应流体向胎儿受试者的表现，它是 现在可以应用实验方法研究拉伸响应 以及发展中哺乳动物胎儿行为的其他方面 环境。 因为胎儿缺乏牛奶和 不需要牛奶来维持牛奶，对牛奶的反应性可能是 在一系列产前年龄的天真受试者中进行了研究。 而且，研究 胎儿消除了研究新生儿的一些复杂性， 必须从与其稳态关系中删除哪些 母亲允许测量电动机和感官能力。 这 因此，产前期为研究 控制和发展行为模式的功能 出生后很重要。 胎儿拉伸反应的研究将作为 具有直接相关性的产前运动发展动物模型 产后行为。 在此提案中，我们将：（a）调查感官 影响拉伸反应表达的因素，（b） 表征组织拉伸响应的运动行为的变化， （c）操纵胎儿行为以促进早期的发育表达 拉伸反应，（d）检查胎儿反应的相互作用 牛奶和其他基于感觉的行为。 自组织的概念 将应用于胎儿对牛奶行为反应的研究 理解发展变化过程的模型。