Waterpipe tobacco additives and their effect on human puffing behavior, toxicant exposures, pulmonary function, and appeal

水烟烟草添加剂及其对人类吸烟行为、毒物暴露、肺功能和吸引力的影响

基本信息

批准号：
10462648
负责人：
Marielle Cavanaugh Brinkman
金额：
$ 44.1万
依托单位：
OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2020
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2020-09-15 至 2024-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10462648
关键词：
Acute Address Affect Analytical Chemistry Area Automobile Driving Behavior Biological Markers Carcinogens Chemicals Chemistry Child Cigar Cigarette Data Development Engineering Exposure to Food Form Perception Friends Fructose Furans Glucose Glycerol Health High School Student Human Individual Ingestion Inhalation Laboratories Link Lung Mainstreaming Masks Measures Nicotine Participant Perception Persons Preparation Prevalence Regimen Regulation Reporting Research Sensory Single-Blind Study Smoke Smoker Smoking Standardization Techniques Time Tobacco Tobacco smoke Tobacco smoking behavior Tobacco use Toxic effect Toxicant exposure Weight Youth addiction cigarette smoke cigarette smoking evidence base experience exposed human population high school hookah human study instrument interest junior high school psychosocial pulmonary function risk perception satisfaction smoke inhalation sound sugar sweet taste perception tobacco products toxicant university student uptake young adult

项目摘要

Abstract In the 30 years since its introduction, sweetened waterpipe (WP) tobacco, or “ma’assel”, is now smoked by over half a million middle and high school children and 1.2M young adults in the U.S. This may be due to the sweet additives that comprise up to 70% of the weight of the tobacco and make inhaling WP tobacco smoke more appealing and easier for first-time users. WP tobacco is unique in that the ratio of sweet additives to nicotine is significantly higher than for any other tobacco product, making WP the perfect “starter product” for nicotine initiation. It is largely misperceived that smoking tobacco with a WP or hookah is a less harmful form of tobacco use. In fact, the high levels of sweet additives transfer nicotine efficiently and produce harmful and potentially harmful constituents in the smoke, contributing to the direct and indirect harm experienced by users. To define the effects of WP tobacco’s primary chemical additives with respect to sweet perception, appeal, toxicant exposure, addictiveness, harm and health risk perceptions, and lung function among WP users, WP tobacco that differs only in the additives of interest must be used. There is no set of commercially available tobacco brands for which this is true, and thus our study will manipulate commercial products to properly isolate the important variables. There is an existing data gap surrounding the influence of WP tobacco’s primary additives, all of which are sweet tasting compounds, on the addictiveness, toxicity, flavor perceptions, appeal and perceived harm of WP smoking. The proposed study uses a crossover single-blind human trial of dyads, a manipulated WP tobacco product, a validated dual-hose research-grade WP, cutting edge psychosocial instruments and analytical chemistry techniques to assess human exposure to systematically investigate the effects of sweet additives on the appeal, puffing behavior, and toxicity of WP tobacco smoking. Currently there are no regulations governing WP additives. The purpose of the proposed study is to acquire sound scientific data to inform the development of evidenced-based product standards, or limits to additives in WP tobacco that must not be exceeded in order for the product to be sold and distributed in the U.S. The proposed study will address RFA-OD-19-028’s Scientific Interest Areas of: Chemistry and Engineering, Toxicity, and Behavior and Addiction, in that it will determine how specific WP tobacco additives affect users puffing behavior, liking, harm perceptions, the quantities of toxicants they inhale and take up in the body, and acute pulmonary affects from WP tobacco smoking.

抽象的自推出以来的 30 年里，加糖水烟 (WP) 烟草（或“ma’assel”）现在吸食者美国有超过 50 万中学生和 120 万年轻人，这可能是由于甜味添加剂占烟草重量的 70%，使吸入可湿性粉剂烟草烟雾对于首次使用者来说，WP 烟草更有吸引力且更容易，其独特之处在于甜味添加剂与烟草的比例。尼古丁含量明显高于任何其他烟草产品，这使得 WP 成为完美的“入门产品” 人们普遍错误地认为用水烟或水烟吸食烟草是一种危害较小的形式。事实上，高含量的甜味添加剂可以有效地转移尼古丁并产生有害物质。烟雾中的潜在有害成分，对使用者造成直接和间接伤害。定义 WP 烟草的主要化学添加剂对甜味感觉、吸引力、 WP 用户的毒物暴露、成瘾性、危害和健康风险认知以及肺功能，WP 必须使用仅在感兴趣的添加剂方面有所不同的烟草。没有一套市售的。对于烟草品牌来说这是事实，因此我们的研究将操纵商业产品以适当地隔离重要变量。围绕 WP 烟草的影响存在现有数据差距。主要添加剂，所有这些都是甜味化合物，对成瘾性、毒性、风味感知、拟议的研究采用交叉单盲人体试验。 dyads，一种经过处理的 WP 烟草产品，一种经过验证的双软管研究级 WP，尖端技术社会心理工具和分析化学技术，用于系统评估人类接触研究甜味添加剂对 WP 烟草吸食吸引力、吸烟行为和毒性的影响。目前没有管理可湿性粉剂添加剂的法规。本次研究的目的是为了获得可湿性粉剂添加剂。可靠的科学数据，为制定循证产品标准或添加剂限制提供信息为了在美国销售和分销产品，不得超过 WP 烟草拟议的研究将解决 RFA-OD-19-028 的科学兴趣领域：化学与工程、毒性、行为和成瘾，因为它将决定特定的 WP 烟草添加剂如何影响使用者吸烟行为、喜好、伤害认知、吸入和吸收体内有毒物质的数量，以及 WP 吸烟引起的急性肺部影响。