Effect of Waterpipe Tobacco Ingredients on Human Puffing, Exposures and Appeal

水烟烟草成分对人类吸食、暴露和吸引力的影响

• 批准号: 9186042
• 负责人: Marielle Cavanaugh Brinkman
• 金额: $ 52.34万
• 依托单位: BATTELLE CENTERS/PUB HLTH RES & EVALUATN
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-08-15 至 2019-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9186042
• 关键词: Accounting; Acetaldehyde; Acrolein; Address; Affect; Analytical Chemistry; Apple; Artificial Sweeteners; Behavior; Breathing; Candy; Carcinogens; Chemicals; Cigarette; Data; Development; Electronic cigarette; Exposure to; Flavoring; Food; Form Perception; Formaldehyde; Fruit; Glycerol; Human; Ingestion; Label; Laboratories; Link; Liquid substance; Mainstreaming; Masks; Measures; Nicotine; Participant; Particle Size; Perception; Preparation; Prevalence; Propylene Glycols; Regimen; Reporting; Research; Sensory; Smoke; Smoker; Smoking; Sucrose; Taste Perception; Time; Tobacco; Tobacco smoke; Tobacco smoking; Tobacco use; Toxic effect; Toxicant exposure; Weight; Work; Youth; cigarette smoking; design; evidence base; experience; hedonic; hookah; human study; instrument; interest; particle; particle exposure; psychosocial; sound; sugar; toxicant; university student; young adult

Project Summary Waterpipe (WP) tobacco smoking has surpassed cigarette smoking and now rivals the electronic cigarette as the most popular tobacco product class in the US among youth. This may be due to the availability of sweet, fruit- and candy-flavored tobaccos that make inhaling tobacco smoke more appealing. It is not clear what is most important in terms of increasing appeal: the smoker's perception of sweetness, or flavor, or both. WP tobacco is unique because of the amounts and identities of its additives and the way that it is smoked. The flavorings and high levels of sweet humectants produce harmful and potentially harmful constituents in the smoke, and are thought to contribute to the direct and indirect harm experienced by users. To define the effects of specific chemical content with respect to sweet perception and likability among users, WP tobacco that differs only in the variables of interest must be used. There is no set of commercially available tobacco brands for which this is true, and thus we propose to manipulate commercial products to properly isolate the important variables. There is an existing data gap surrounding the influence of WP tobacco additives, i.e., sweet humectants and flavorings, on the addictiveness, toxicity, flavor perceptions and appeal of WP smoking. The proposed study uses a crossover human trial, a manipulated WP tobacco prodcut, a validated research grade waterpipe and cutting edge analytical chemistry and psychosocial instruments to systematically investigate the effects of sweet humectant concentration and flavorings on the appeal, puffing behavior, and toxicity of WP tobacco smoking. The purpose of the proposed study is to acquire sound scientific data to inform the development of possible regulatory actions such as identifying and establishing evidenced-based product standards, or maximum thresholds of additives in WP tobacco that must not be exceeded in order for the product to be sold and distributed in the US. This study will address RFA-OD-15-005 questions 3 and 4 by quantifying the impact of WP tobacco additives, such as humectants and flavorants, on human puffing behaviors and HPHC levels in mainstream WP tobacco smoke to address these important data gaps.

项目概要 水烟 (WP) 烟草吸烟已超过吸烟，现在可与电子烟相媲美 美国年轻人中最受欢迎的烟草产品类别。这可能是由于甜食的存在， 水果味和糖果味的烟草，使吸入烟草烟雾更具吸引力。目前还不清楚是什么 就增加吸引力而言最重要的是：吸烟者对甜味或风味或两者的感知。湿性粉剂 烟草因其添加剂的数量和特性以及吸食方式而独一无二。这 调味剂和高含量的甜味保湿剂会在食品中产生有害和潜在有害的成分 烟雾，被认为会导致用户遭受直接和间接伤害。定义 特定化学成分对用户甜味感知和喜爱程度的影响，可湿性烟草 不同之处仅在于必须使用感兴趣的变量。没有一套市售烟草 对于这确实如此的品牌，因此我们建议操纵商业产品以正确隔离 重要的变量。关于可湿性粉剂烟草添加剂的影响存在现有数据差距，即 甜味保湿剂和调味剂对可湿性粉剂吸烟的成瘾性、毒性、风味感知和吸引力的影响。 拟议的研究使用交叉人体试验、一种经过操纵的 WP 烟草产品、一项经过验证的研究 分级水烟和尖端分析化学和心理社会仪器，以系统地 研究甜味保湿剂浓度和调味剂对吸引力、膨化行为和 WP 烟草吸烟的毒性。拟议研究的目的是获取可靠的科学数据以告知 制定可能的监管行动，例如识别和建立循证产品 WP 烟草中添加剂的标准或最大阈值，不得超过这些阈值，以便 产品将在美国销售和分销。本研究将解决 RFA-OD-15-005 问题 3 和 4 量化 WP 烟草添加剂（例如保湿剂和食用香料）对人类吸食的影响 主流 WP 烟草烟雾中的行为和 HPHC 水平，以解决这些重要的数据差​​距。