PSYCHOBIOLOGY OF EVENT RELATED POTENTIALS

事件相关电位的心理生物学

• 批准号: 2241074
• 负责人: GREGORY MCCARTHY
• 金额: $ 21.3万
• 依托单位: YALE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1977
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1977-12-01 至 1996-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2241074
• 关键词: attention; brain electrical activity; brain mapping; cell population study; cognition; cognition disorders; electrodes; epilepsy; evoked potentials; experimental brain lesion; hippocampus; human subject; motor cortex; neurosurgery; perception; peripheral nervous system; psychomotor function; psychophysiology; sensorimotor system; sensory cortex; speech; stimulus /response; temporal lobe /cortex

The long term objectives of this program of research are to increase the usefulness of event-related potentials (ERPs) in cognitive neuroscience and clinical neurophysiology and to investigate issues related to functional localization of sensory, motor, and cognitive processing. The proposed studies emphasize intracranial ERP recording in humans supplemented by scalp recordings taken before and after neurosurgical excisions, and by intracranial recordings in monkeys. Specific aims during the next five years are: 1. To identify ERPs sensitive to visual and somatosensory selective attention, to determine in what brain regions these ERPs are generated, and to characterize their temporal course. ERP evidence for the sequential movement of attention in visual space will be sought. These studies will be carried out in patients with intracranial electrodes placed in relevant sensory cortex, and in normal subjects. 2. To identify ERPs sensitive to semantic and repetition priming, to determine in what brain regions these ERPs are generated, and to examine the effects of attention upon these linguistic processes to determine their degree of automaticity. These studies will also investigate attentional shifts between different channels of linguistic information on the basis of inter-channel priming. 3. To continue our studies of hippocampal ERPs, particularly those which have been associated with scalp-recorded P300 and N400, and to examine the effects of unilateral amygdalo-hippocampectomy. 4. To provide improved ERP techniques for localization of face, trunk, and leg areas of sensorimotor cortex, the second somatosensory area, and supplementary motor and sensory areas during neurosurgery. 5. To provide better understanding of the function of the supplementary motor area, particularly in the initiation and control of voluntary movements including speech-related movement. Movement-related potentials will be recorded from this and from other regions of frontal cortex of chronically implanted patients. 6. To continue application of improved methods for identifying the brain structures and specific cell populations that generate ERPs. Empirical scalp and intracranial potential distributions win be compared with calculated distributions using a realistic model of the shape and conductivity of the human head. The proposed research takes advantage of established clinical collaborations with the Epilepsy Surgery Program of the West Haven VA Medical Center and Yale University School of Medicine in which ERP recordings from the cortical surface and chronically implanted depth electrodes in human patients are obtained. These studies will be augmented by comparable studies in normal human subjects and in non-human primates.

该研究计划的长期目标是增加 事件相关电位（ERP）在认知神经科学中的有用性 和临床神经生理学，并研究与 感觉，运动和认知处理的功能定位。 这 拟议的研究强调人类颅内ERP记录 由神经外科手术之前和之后的头皮记录补充 切除，并通过猴子中的颅内记录。 具体目标 在接下来的五年中是： 1。识别对视觉和体感敏感的ERP 选择性关注，以确定这些ERP的大脑区域 生成，并表征其时间课程。 ERP证据 将寻求视觉空间中注意力的顺序运动。 这些研究将在颅内患者中进行 将电极放置在相关的感觉皮层和正常受试者中。 2。确定对语义和重复启动敏感的ERP， 确定在哪个大脑区域中产生这些ERP，然后 检查注意力对这些语言过程的影响 确定它们的自动化程度。 这些研究也将 研究不同语言渠道之间的注意力转移 基于通道间启动的信息。 3。继续我们对海马ERP的研究，尤其是那些 与头皮录制的P300和N400相关的 检查单侧杏仁核 - 海马切除术的影响。 4。为了提供改进的ERP技术来定位面部， 躯干和感觉运动皮层的腿部区域，第二个体感 神经外科期间的区域以及补充运动和感觉区域。 5。为了更好地理解 补充运动区域，特别是在启动和控制中 自愿运动，包括与言语有关的运动。 与运动有关 电势将从其和其他额叶的其他区域记录下来 长期植入患者的皮质。 6。继续应用改进的方法来识别 产生ERP的大脑结构和特定细胞群。 比较经验性头皮和颅内潜在分布 使用现实的形状模型计算出的分布 人头的电导率。 拟议的研究利用了既定的临床 与西黑文弗吉尼亚州癫痫手术计划合作 医学中心和耶鲁大学医学院 从皮质表面和慢性植入深度的记录 获得人类患者的电极。 这些研究将是 在正常人和非人类的正常受试者中的可比研究增强 灵长类动物。