PSYCHOBIOLOGY OF EVENT RELATED POTENTIALS

事件相关电位的心理生物学

• 批准号: 2241074
• 负责人: GREGORY MCCARTHY
• 金额: $ 21.3万
• 依托单位: YALE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1977
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1977-12-01 至 1996-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2241074
• 关键词: attention; brain electrical activity; brain mapping; cell population study; cognition; cognition disorders; electrodes; epilepsy; evoked potentials; experimental brain lesion; hippocampus; human subject; motor cortex; neurosurgery; perception; peripheral nervous system; psychomotor function; psychophysiology; sensorimotor system; sensory cortex; speech; stimulus /response; temporal lobe /cortex

The long term objectives of this program of research are to increase the usefulness of event-related potentials (ERPs) in cognitive neuroscience and clinical neurophysiology and to investigate issues related to functional localization of sensory, motor, and cognitive processing. The proposed studies emphasize intracranial ERP recording in humans supplemented by scalp recordings taken before and after neurosurgical excisions, and by intracranial recordings in monkeys. Specific aims during the next five years are: 1. To identify ERPs sensitive to visual and somatosensory selective attention, to determine in what brain regions these ERPs are generated, and to characterize their temporal course. ERP evidence for the sequential movement of attention in visual space will be sought. These studies will be carried out in patients with intracranial electrodes placed in relevant sensory cortex, and in normal subjects. 2. To identify ERPs sensitive to semantic and repetition priming, to determine in what brain regions these ERPs are generated, and to examine the effects of attention upon these linguistic processes to determine their degree of automaticity. These studies will also investigate attentional shifts between different channels of linguistic information on the basis of inter-channel priming. 3. To continue our studies of hippocampal ERPs, particularly those which have been associated with scalp-recorded P300 and N400, and to examine the effects of unilateral amygdalo-hippocampectomy. 4. To provide improved ERP techniques for localization of face, trunk, and leg areas of sensorimotor cortex, the second somatosensory area, and supplementary motor and sensory areas during neurosurgery. 5. To provide better understanding of the function of the supplementary motor area, particularly in the initiation and control of voluntary movements including speech-related movement. Movement-related potentials will be recorded from this and from other regions of frontal cortex of chronically implanted patients. 6. To continue application of improved methods for identifying the brain structures and specific cell populations that generate ERPs. Empirical scalp and intracranial potential distributions win be compared with calculated distributions using a realistic model of the shape and conductivity of the human head. The proposed research takes advantage of established clinical collaborations with the Epilepsy Surgery Program of the West Haven VA Medical Center and Yale University School of Medicine in which ERP recordings from the cortical surface and chronically implanted depth electrodes in human patients are obtained. These studies will be augmented by comparable studies in normal human subjects and in non-human primates.

该研究计划的长期目标是提高 事件相关电位 (ERP) 在认知神经科学中的用途 和临床神经生理学并调查相关问题 感觉、运动和认知处理的功能定位。 这 拟议的研究强调人类颅内 ERP 记录 补充神经外科手术前后的头皮录音 切除，以及通过猴子的颅内记录。 具体目标 未来五年内： 1. 识别对视觉和体感敏感的ERP 选择性注意，以确定这些 ERP 位于哪些大脑区域 生成，并表征它们的时间过程。 ERP 证据 将寻求视觉空间中注意力的连续移动。 这些研究将在患有颅内病变的患者中进行 电极放置在相关的感觉皮层和正常受试者中。 2. 识别对语义和重复启动敏感的 ERP， 确定这些 ERP 是在哪些大脑区域产生的，并 检查注意力对这些语言过程的影响 确定它们的自动化程度。 这些研究也将 研究不同语言渠道之间的注意力转移 基于通道间启动的信息。 3. 继续我们对海马 ERP 的研究，特别是那些 与头皮记录的 P300 和 N400 相关，并且 检查单侧杏仁核海马切除术的效果。 4. 为人脸本地化提供改进的ERP技术， 感觉运动皮层的躯干和腿部区域，第二体感 区域以及神经外科手术期间的辅助运动和感觉区域。 5. 加深对功能的理解 辅助运动区，特别是在启动和控制 随意运动，包括与言语相关的运动。 运动相关 将从该区域和额叶的其他区域记录电位 长期植入患者的皮质。 6. 继续应用改进的方法来识别 大脑结构和产生 ERP 的特定细胞群。 经验头皮和颅内电位分布值得比较 使用形状的真实模型计算分布 人体头部的电导率。 拟议的研究利用了已建立的临床 与弗吉尼亚州 West Haven 癫痫手术项目合作 医疗中心和耶鲁大学医学院，其中 ERP 来自皮质表面和长期植入深度的记录 在人类患者身上获得电极。 这些研究将 通过在正常人类受试者和非人类受试者中进行的可比较研究来增强 灵长类动物。