Affective processing and executive control

情感处理和执行控制

• 批准号: 7675953
• 负责人: GREGORY MCCARTHY
• 金额: $ 15.11万
• 依托单位: DUKE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-09-30 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7675953
• 关键词: Affect; Affective; Alzheimer' s Disease; Amygdaloid structure; Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Animals; Area; Arousal; Attention; Auditory; Behavioral; Body of uterus; Brain; Characteristics; Cognitive; Complex; Detection; Disease; Disruption; Dorsal; Emotional; Emotions; Event; Event-Related Potentials; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Funding; Goals; Grant; Human; Hypothalamic structure; Joystick; Left; Literature; Mediating; Memory; Nature; Noise; Parietal; Parkinson Disease; Pattern; Performance; Pituitary-Adrenal System; Prefrontal Cortex; Principal Investigator; Process; Property; Psyche structure; Regulation; Relative (related person); Research; Resolution; Resource Allocation; Resources; Sensory; Series; Shapes; Short-Term Memory; Shorthand; Signal Transduction; Specificity; Standards of Weights and Measures; Stimulus; Stress; Stroke; Structure; Surface; System; Task Performances; Testing; Time; Variant; Work; Workload; blood oxygen level dependent; emotional stimulus; executive function; frontal lobe; improved; insight; nervous system disorder; pressure; programs; psychologic; research study; response; stressor; visual stimulus

In this project, we will use functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), intracranial event-related potentials (ERPs), and behavioral performance to investigate the interplay of affective and executive control processes and the brain systems that mediate their interactions. This new project reflects a synthesis of research themes developed in Projects 3 and 4 or the current grant period. It is stimulated by our observation that task-irrelevant stimuli that evoke emotional responses strongly activate brain structures comprising a ventral affective processing system (VAPS) and evoke a relative deactivation of brain structures comprising a dorsal executive control system (DECS). This relative deactivation of DECS and, in particular, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dIPFC) is associated with poor working memory performance. Our goal is to identify brain systems that interact to enhance or impede task performance by varying the degree to which the subject's primary task depends upon executive function and the DECS; by varying the valence and arousal properties of task-irrelevant distracters; by varying the current focus of attention; and by varying baseline levels of arousal, emotion and/or stress. There are three specific aims: Specific Aim 1 will determine (a) whether the degree of phasic dIPFC activation evoked by critical task events influences task disruption induced by emotional distracters and (b) whether the tonic state of activation influences the degree to which dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dIPFC) shows relative deactivation by emotional distracters. Specific Aim 2 will investigate whether the VAPS can be activated by manipulating the "mental workload" of a cognitive task, and whether workload induced activation of this system can itself evoke a relative deactivation of dIPFC and other components of the DECS leading to poor task performance. The effect of noise stressors upon the engagement of DECS by working memory tasks will also be investigated in this Aim. Specific Aim 3 will investigate whether the VAPS is automatically activated by emotional distracters, or whether activation is limited by concurrent attentional demands. Changes in affect and emotional regulation are frequent and debilitating aspects of neurological disorders such as stroke, Parkinson's disease, ALS, and Alzheimer's disease. An understanding of how affective processing influences executive control will provide new insights into remediatory approaches toward these disorders and into the functioning of the normal human brain.

在这个项目中，我们将使用功能性磁共振成像（fMRI），颅内事件相关电位 （ERP）和行为绩效，以调查情感和执行控制过程的相互作用 以及介导其相互作用的大脑系统。这个新项目反映了研究的综合 在项目3和4或当前赠款期间开发的主题。我们的观察结果激发了 唤起情绪反应的任务 - 刺激性刺激强烈激活大脑结构，包括腹侧 情感加工系统（VAP）并引起脑结构的相对失活，包括背侧 执行控制系统（DECS）。 DEC，尤其是背外侧的相对停用 前额叶皮层（DIPFC）与工作记忆性能差有关。我们的目标是识别大脑 通过改变受试者的程度来增强或阻碍任务绩效以增强或阻碍任务绩效的系统 主要任务取决于执行功能和DECS；通过改变价和唤醒特性 任务 - 分散分散者；通过改变当前的关注重点；并通过不同的基线水平 唤醒，情感和/或压力。有三个特定的目标： 特定目标1将确定（a）是否通过关键任务引起的阶段DIPFC激活程度 事件会影响情绪干扰者引起的任务中断，并且（b）是否有补品状态 激活影响背外侧前额叶皮层（DIPFC）的程度显示相对失活 通过情绪干扰者。特定的目标2将调查是否可以通过操作激活VAP 认知任务的“心理工作负载”，以及工作量引起的该系统的激活是否可以本身 唤起DIPFC和DEC的其他组件的相对停用，导致任务绩效不佳。 噪声压力源对通过工作记忆任务的参与DEC的影响也将是 在这个目标中进行了调查。特定的目标3将调查是否自动激活VAP 情绪干扰物，或者激活是否受到同时注意需求的限制。 情感和情绪调节的变化频繁，使神经疾病的方面令人衰弱 例如中风，帕金森氏病，ALS和阿尔茨海默氏病。了解情感如何 处理影响执行控制将为对这些方法的补救方法提供新的见解 疾病并进入正常人大脑的功能。