Self-Perception and Social Rewards in Atypical Anorexia Nervosa

非典型神经性厌食症的自我认知和社会奖励

基本信息

批准号：
10468305
负责人：
Carrie Justine McAdams
金额：
$ 24.43万
依托单位：
UT SOUTHWESTERN MEDICAL CENTER
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2021
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2021-09-01 至 2024-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10468305
关键词：
Acute Adult Animal Model Anorexia Nervosa Behavior Behavioral Body Image Body Size Body Weight Body Weight Changes Body Weight decreased Body mass index Brain Bulimia Characteristics Chronic Clinical Clinical Treatment Cognition Disorders Cognitive Corpus striatum structure DSM-V Data Diagnosis Dimensions Disease Eating Eating Behavior Eating Disorders Evidence based treatment Food Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Functional disorder Image Impaired cognition Impairment Individual Knowledge Lead Link Magnetic Resonance Imaging Malnutrition Measures Mediating Modeling Neurobiology Neurophysiology - biologic function Neuropsychology Obesity Oranges Overweight Pathologic Pathway interactions Patients Perception Persons Pilot Projects Process Psychopathology Recovery Research Rewards Self Perception Self-Examination Severities Shapes Social Perception Stimulus Sum Symptoms System Testing Underweight Weight Weight Perception Woman Work clinical care cohort experience food restriction healthy weight imaging study meetings neural circuit neurobehavioral neuroeconomics neuromechanism novel prevent psychological distress psychosocial relating to nervous system response restrictive eating severe mental illness social virtual weight restoration

项目摘要

PROJECT SUMMARY Eating disorders (ED) are serious mental illnesses with few evidence-based treatments and little mechanistic understanding of the neural circuit impairments that underlie both illness and recovery. This project contributes to developing a more dimensional understanding of EDs, by comparing the neural circuits involved in both self- perception and social reward in a previously unstudied clinical cohort, atypical anorexia nervosa (AAN) to a psychiatrically-healthy cohort that has lost similar amounts of body weight (WLC). Typical anorexia nervosa (AN), for the purpose of research and clinical care, is defined by a malnourished body state (BMI < 18.5) with persistent behaviors that interfere with weight restoration, and often includes preoccupations with body image. Atypical anorexia nervosa (AAN) was defined in DSM-5 as meeting all criteria for AN without being underweight; these patients have typically experienced substantial weight loss due to severe restrictive eating behaviors as well as disruptions of their psychosocial functioning due to the severity of their ED cognitions. Clinically, AAN is associated with similar to higher levels of psychological distress and distortions about both eating and body- image as typical AN. This exploratory pilot project will evaluate whether similar neurobehavioral problems in self- perception and social reward are observed in the brain in AAN, extending an existing R01 that is currently examining these circuits in both AN and bulimia nervosa (BN). In addition, the psychiatrically-healthy weight loss cohort (WLC) will have experienced significant weight loss (10-20% of highest body weight) but will not endorse pathological ED cognitive preoccupations; this cohort, in comparison to AAN, allows separation of the impact of weight loss on brain function from the neuropsychological processes that mediate body preoccupations. In sum, this exploratory pilot study evaluates neurobiological circuitry in an understudied diagnosis, AAN, and provides the necessary data to fill current gaps in our knowledge about the effects of weight and ED cognitions on neural function as well as clinical symptoms in EDs. These data are a step towards a more mechanistic understanding of the pathophysiology in EDs.

项目概要饮食失调 (ED) 是一种严重的精神疾病，几乎没有循证治疗方法，而且机制也很少了解疾病和康复背后的神经回路损伤。该项目贡献通过比较两种自体行为所涉及的神经回路，对 ED 形成更维度的理解。在之前未研究的临床队列中，非典型神经性厌食症（AAN）对感知和社会奖励的影响精神健康的队列，体重减轻量相似 (WLC)。典型的神经性厌食症（AN），出于研究和临床护理的目的，定义为持续营养不良的身体状态（BMI < 18.5）干扰体重恢复的行为，通常包括对身体形象的关注。非典型 DSM-5 中将神经性厌食症 (AAN) 定义为满足 AN 的所有标准且体重不不足；这些由于严重的限制性饮食行为以及由于 ED 认知的严重性，他们的心理社会功能受到干扰。临床上，AAN 与类似的较高水平的心理困扰以及饮食和身体扭曲有关图像为典型的 AN。这个探索性试点项目将评估自我行为中是否存在类似的神经行为问题。在 AAN 的大脑中观察到感知和社会奖励，扩展了目前正在研究的现有 R01 检查 AN 和神经性贪食症 (BN) 中的这些回路。此外，精神健康的减肥队列 (WLC) 将经历显着的体重减轻（最高体重的 10-20%），但不会认可病理性 ED 认知关注；与 AAN 相比，该队列可以分离以下因素的影响：介导身体关注的神经心理过程导致大脑功能减重。总而言之，这项探索性试点研究评估了一项正在研究的诊断 AAN 中的神经生物学回路，并提供了填补我们目前关于体重和 ED 认知对神经的影响的知识空白所需的数据 ED 中的功能以及临床症状。这些数据是朝着更加机械化的理解迈出的一步 ED 的病理生理学。