Self-Perception and Social Rewards in Atypical Anorexia Nervosa

非典型神经性厌食症的自我认知和社会奖励

• 批准号: 10302883
• 负责人: Carrie Justine McAdams
• 金额: $ 21.93万
• 依托单位: UT SOUTHWESTERN MEDICAL CENTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-09-01 至 2023-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10302883
• 关键词: Acute; Adult; Animal Model; Anorexia Nervosa; Behavior; Behavioral; Body Image; Body Size; Body Weight; Body Weight Changes; Body Weight decreased; Body mass index; Brain; Bulimia; Characteristics; Chronic; Clinical; Clinical Treatment; Cognition Disorders; Cognitive; Corpus striatum structure; DSM-V; Data; Diagnosis; Dimensions; Disease; Eating; Eating Behavior; Eating Disorders; Evidence based treatment; Food; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Functional disorder; Image; Impaired cognition; Impairment; Individual; Knowledge; Lead; Link; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Malnutrition; Measures; Mediating; Modeling; Neurobiology; Neurophysiology - biologic function; Neuropsychology; Obesity; Oranges; Overweight; Pathologic; Pathway interactions; Patients; Perception; Pilot Projects; Process; Psychopathology; Recovery; Research; Rewards; Self Perception; Self-Examination; Severities; Shapes; Social Perception; Stimulus; Sum; Symptoms; System; Testing; Underweight; Weight; Weight Perception; Woman; Work; clinical care; cohort; experience; food restriction; healthy weight; imaging study; meetings; neural circuit; neurobehavioral; neuroeconomics; neuromechanism; novel; prevent; psychological distress; psychosocial; relating to nervous system; response; restrictive eating; severe mental illness; social; virtual; weight restoration

PROJECT SUMMARY Eating disorders (ED) are serious mental illnesses with few evidence-based treatments and little mechanistic understanding of the neural circuit impairments that underlie both illness and recovery. This project contributes to developing a more dimensional understanding of EDs, by comparing the neural circuits involved in both self- perception and social reward in a previously unstudied clinical cohort, atypical anorexia nervosa (AAN) to a psychiatrically-healthy cohort that has lost similar amounts of body weight (WLC). Typical anorexia nervosa (AN), for the purpose of research and clinical care, is defined by a malnourished body state (BMI < 18.5) with persistent behaviors that interfere with weight restoration, and often includes preoccupations with body image. Atypical anorexia nervosa (AAN) was defined in DSM-5 as meeting all criteria for AN without being underweight; these patients have typically experienced substantial weight loss due to severe restrictive eating behaviors as well as disruptions of their psychosocial functioning due to the severity of their ED cognitions. Clinically, AAN is associated with similar to higher levels of psychological distress and distortions about both eating and body- image as typical AN. This exploratory pilot project will evaluate whether similar neurobehavioral problems in self- perception and social reward are observed in the brain in AAN, extending an existing R01 that is currently examining these circuits in both AN and bulimia nervosa (BN). In addition, the psychiatrically-healthy weight loss cohort (WLC) will have experienced significant weight loss (10-20% of highest body weight) but will not endorse pathological ED cognitive preoccupations; this cohort, in comparison to AAN, allows separation of the impact of weight loss on brain function from the neuropsychological processes that mediate body preoccupations. In sum, this exploratory pilot study evaluates neurobiological circuitry in an understudied diagnosis, AAN, and provides the necessary data to fill current gaps in our knowledge about the effects of weight and ED cognitions on neural function as well as clinical symptoms in EDs. These data are a step towards a more mechanistic understanding of the pathophysiology in EDs.

项目摘要 饮食失调（ED）是严重的精神疾病 了解既是疾病和康复的基础的神经回路障碍。这个项目做出了贡献 通过比较涉及的两个自我的神经回路，发展对ED的更维理解 以前未研究的临床队列，非典型厌食神经（AAN）的感知和社会奖励 损失了类似体重的精神健康队列（WLC）。典型的神经性厌食症（AN），， 出于研究和临床护理的目的，由营养不良的身体状态（BMI <18.5）定义 干扰体重恢复的行为，通常包括对身体形象的关注。非典型 DSM-5在DSM-5中定义了神经性厌食症（AAN），为满足所有不体重不足的标准；这些 由于严重的限制性饮食行为以及 由于其ED认知的严重程度，其心理社会功能的破坏。临床上，aan是 与较高水平的心理困扰和关于饮食和身体的扭曲相似的相关 - 图像为典型an。该探索性试点项目将评估自我自我的类似神经行为问题 在AAN的大脑中观察到感知和社会奖励，扩展了现有的R01 在神经和贪食症（BN）中检查这些电路。此外，精神健康的体重减轻 队列（WLC）将经历重大体重减轻（占体重最高的10-20％），但不会认可 病理性的认知综合；与AAN相比，该队列允许分离 来自介导人体关注的神经心理学过程的脑功能减肥。总而 这项探索性试验研究评估了研究诊断的研究，并提供 在我们了解体重和ED认知对神经的影响方面填补当前空白的必要数据 功能以及ED中的临床症状。这些数据是迈向更机械理解的一步 Eds中的病理生理学。