Spatial and temporal control of Rho family GTPases

Rho 家族 GTPases 的空间和时间控制

• 批准号: 10450176
• 负责人: Michael A Glotzer
• 金额: $ 40.01万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-08-01 至 2023-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10450176
• 关键词: Biochemical; Cell Shape; Cell division; Cell physiology; Cells; Cellular biology; Cytokinesis; Cytoskeleton; Development; Epithelial; Event; Family; Guanosine Triphosphate Phosphohydrolases; Intercellular Junctions; Laboratories; Light; Maintenance; Malignant Neoplasms; Mediating; Molecular; Positioning Attribute; Process; Proteins; Shapes; Tissues; Work; cell cortex; cell motility; developmental disease; embryo tissue; imaging genetics; novel strategies; novel therapeutics; optogenetics; rho; temporal measurement; tool

Many essential cellular functions require large scale organization of the cell cortex. These include cytokinesis, asymmetric cell division, cell migration, and formation of an epithelium. Extensive organization of the cytoskeleton and cell-cell junctions are required during development to drive changes in the shape of cells, embryos, and tissues. Each of these processes requires establishment and maintenance of metastable domains that serve important cellular functions. The mechanisms by which these domains assemble remain incompletely understood, in part due to the difficulty inherent in functionally dissecting dynamic protein assemblies with current tools. Recently developed optogenetic tools permit light-mediated control of protein activity in live cells at high spatial and temporal resolution. This novel approach provides a powerful means to dissect the underlying molecular mechanism underlying such processes. We will combine the ability to alter the activity of specific molecules with high spatial and temporal resolution with conventional cell biology, imaging, genetic, and biochemical approaches, in order to better understand how cells divide, polarize and shape tissues.

许多重要的细胞功能需要细胞皮层的大规模组织。 这些包括胞质分裂、不对称细胞分裂、细胞迁移和形成 上皮细胞骨架和细胞间连接的广泛组织。 发育过程中需要驱动细胞、胚胎和细胞形状的变化 这些过程中的每一个都需要建立和维护。 发挥重要细胞功能的亚稳态结构域。 这些域的组合仍然不完全被理解，部分原因是困难 使用当前工具对动态蛋白质组装体进行功能分析所固有的。 最近开发的光遗传学工具允许光介导的蛋白质活性控制 这种新颖的方法提供了高空间和时间分辨率的活细胞。 剖析潜在分子机制的有力手段 我们将改变特定分子活性的能力与高水平结合起来。 空间和时间分辨率与传统细胞生物学、成像、遗传和 生化方法，以便更好地了解细胞如何分裂、极化和 塑造组织。