Evolutionary and functional genomics of genetic novelties and expression adaptation in Drosophila

果蝇遗传新颖性和表达适应的进化和功能基因组学

• 批准号: 10321548
• 负责人: DAVID J BEGUN
• 金额: $ 42.68万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-01-01 至 2024-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10321548
• 关键词: ATAC-seq; Biochemical; Cells; Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats; Drosophila genus; Evolution; Genetic; Learning; Population; Population Genetics; RNA Interference; Tissues; Work; biochemical tools; experimental study; functional genomics; gene expression variation; genetic evolution; reproductive; transcriptome; transcriptomics

Adaptive transcriptome evolution likely underlies a substantial component of all adaptations. Here I propose to study two main types of transcriptome evolution using Drosophila. First, we will identify genetic novelties, focusing on reproductive tissues, including analysis at the single-cell level. We will then investigate the functions of these novelties in two species using a variety of genetic and biochemical tools, including CRISPR and RNAi to learn about the agents of selection acting on these novelties. Second, we will use population approaches to characterize adaptive transcriptome divergence contributing to local adaptation within species, and transcriptome adaptation over longer timescales between species. We will then use these results to infer the fraction of the transcriptome evolving adaptively for multiple tissues and species. We will use genetic and ATAC-seq experiments to investigate whether convergent expression adaptation generally has a shared genetic basis or whether adaptation generally proceeds by different trajectories in different species.

适应性转录组进化可能是所有适应的重要组成部分的基础。在此我提议 使用果蝇研究转录组进化的两种主要类型。首先，我们将确定遗传新颖性， 专注于生殖组织，包括单细胞水平的分析。然后我们将调查 使用包括 CRISPR 在内的多种遗传和生化工具，研究这些新奇事物在两个物种中的功能 和 RNAi 来了解作用于这些新奇事物的选择因子。其次，我们将使用人口 表征适应性转录组差异的方法有助于物种内的局部适应， 以及物种间较长时间尺度的转录组适应。然后我们将使用这些结果来推断 针对多种组织和物种适应性进化的转录组部分。我们将利用遗传和 ATAC-seq 实验研究收敛表达适应是否通常具有共享的 遗传基础或不同物种的适应是否通常通过不同的轨迹进行。