Genomic analysis of adaptation in Drosophila

果蝇适应的基因组分析

• 批准号: 7810621
• 负责人: DAVID J BEGUN
• 金额: $ 29.99万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT DAVIS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-05-01 至 2013-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7810621
• 关键词: Affect; Americas; Australia; Biological Models; Biology; DNA Repair; DNA Sequence; Drosophila genome; Drosophila genus; Drosophila melanogaster; Environment; Equilibrium; Frequencies; Gametogenesis; Genes; Genetic; Genetic Drift; Genetic Models; Genetic Polymorphism; Genetic Variation; Genome; Genomics; Goals; Human; Investigation; Maintenance; Meiosis; Microarray Analysis; Mutation; Phenotype; Population; Population Genetics; Process; Publishing; Recording of previous events; Relative (related person); Research; Sequence Analysis; Technology; Variant; Work; base; comparative; experience; genetic analysis; interest; migration; public health relevance

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The exploration of adaptation has been a keystone of evolutionary biology research since Darwin published Origin of Species. Despite this long history of investigation, the genetic basis of adaptation has only recently been studied in a comprehensive manner, primarily because until recently, the necessary genetic and genomic technologies were unavailable. One signature of adaptation in species with high migration rates is genetic differentiation between populations of the same species. In such cases, local selection in different environments is strong enough to overcome the homogenizing force of gene flow. The proposed work seeks to explore the genomics of adaptation along latitudinal clines in the genetic model system, Drosophila melanogaster. The work will use microarray analysis, DNA sequencing, and genetics, to describe variation in genes (and the associated phenotypes) influenced by spatially varying selection in D. melanogaster. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The goal of this project is to use genomic technologies, population genetic approaches, and genetic analysis to understand variation in the Drosophila genome affecting phenotypes related to gametogenesis, meiosis and DNA repair. These approaches could eventually be used in human populations.

描述（由申请人提供）：自达尔文发表《物种起源》以来，对适应的探索一直是进化生物学研究的基石。尽管研究历史悠久，但直到最近才对适应的遗传基础进行了全面的研究，主要是因为直到最近，还没有必要的遗传和基因组技术。高迁移率物种的适应特征之一是同一物种种群之间的遗传分化。在这种情况下，不同环境中的局部选择足以克服基因流的同质化力量。拟议的工作旨在探索遗传模型系统果蝇中沿纬度梯度的适应基因组学。这项工作将使用微阵列分析、DNA 测序和遗传学来描述黑腹果蝇中受空间变化选择影响的基因变异（以及相关的表型）。公共健康相关性：该项目的目标是利用基因组技术、群体遗传学方法和遗传分析来了解果蝇基因组中影响配子发生、减数分裂和 DNA 修复相关表型的变异。这些方法最终可以用于人类。