Syntactic deficits in aphasia and brain modeling of syntactic processing

失语症的句法缺陷和句法处理的大脑建模

• 批准号: 12610500
• 负责人: HAGIWARA Hiroko
• 金额: $ 2.3万
• 依托单位: Tokyo Metropolitan University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2000 至 2002
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-12610500/
• 关键词: syntactic deficits; aphasia; agrammatic aphasics; generative grammar; Magnetoencephalography (MEG); neural basis of language; syntactic processing in the brain; 脳磁図; かきまぜ文; 言語の脳知; 使役構文; 言語の認知脳科学; syntactic deficits; aphasia; agrammatic aphasics; generative grammar; Magnetoencephalography (MEG); neural basis of language; syntactic processing in the brain; 脳磁図; かきまぜ文; 言語の脳知; 使役構文; 言語の認知脳科学

The purpose of the present research is to investigate the syntactic processing in the brain through a series lesion-deficit correlational studies with agrammatic aphasics and noninvasive brain imaging techniques such as Magnetoencephalography (MEF). We found the following three main results. First, a theoretical distinction between the lexicon and syntax is supported by the data of agrammatic aphasics' better performance on lexical causatives than the syntactic -sase causatives. An MEG investigation of the processing of sentences with selectional restriction and the wh-interrogatve sentences demonstrates the neural generator of wh-movement, a type of syntactic computation, in the vicinity of Broca's area and that of the semantic processing in the inferior part of the left temporal lobe. Second, agrammatic aphasics' performance on the processing of long- and middle-scrambling sentences in Japanese shows that the existence of a trace, or a movement operation, but not the distance between the moved element and its trace, is a crucial factor in interpreting the meaning of the sentences. Third, an MEG study of scrambled sentences shows that the activities are greater in the scrambled sentences than in the canonical sentences in the prefrontal cortex and the temporo-parietal cortex, suggesting that these areas serve as a memory storage when processing demands increase. Activities are also found in the anterior temporal cortex in the early time range, irrespective of the sentence type, suggesting that this area serves as the processing of syntactic computations in grammatically correct sentences. As a whole, these studies indicate that the processing of scrambled sentences, which has dislocated phrase from its original position, is supported by various cortical areas.

本研究的目的是通过用农业知名度和非侵入性脑成像技术（例如磁心志学）（MEF）进行一系列病变缺陷相关研究来研究大脑中的句法处理。我们发现以下三个主要结果。首先，词汇和语法之间的理论区别得到了与句法 - 酶 - 酶因果关系更好的词汇因果关系的数据支持。 MEG对具有选择限制的句子的处理和WH-Interrogatve句子的处理表明，在Broca区域的附近以及左侧颞叶下部的语义处理中，WH运动的神经发生器，一种句法计算。其次，农业障碍对日语中长期和中间句子的处理的表现表明，痕迹或运动操作的存在，而不是移动元素及其痕迹之间的距离，是解释句子含义的关键因素。第三，对炒句子的MEG研究表明，在炒句中的活动要比前额叶皮层和颞叶 - 长质皮层中的规范句子中的活动更大，这表明这些区域在处理需求增加时作为存储器存储。无论句子类型如何，在早期范围内的前颞皮层中也发现了活动，这表明该区域是在语法上正确的句子中处理句法计算的处理。总体而言，这些研究表明，拼命的句子的处理已从其原始位置脱位，得到了各种皮质区域的支持。