Introduction of the clusters of genes controlling pest and disease resistance from related crops to common wheat by means of the genetic genome rearrangement

通过基因组重排将控制相关作物抗病虫害的基因簇引入到普通小麦中

基本信息

批准号：
12306001
负责人：
ENDO Takashi
金额：
$ 29.96万
依托单位：
KYOTO UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
财政年份：
2000
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2000 至 2003
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The purpose of this study was to introduce small alien chromosome segments of rye and barley on which pest and disease resistance genes are located into common wheat by using the gametocidal system.1. Introduction of rye chromosomal segments into common wheatWe targeted rye 1R satellite on which are located four different resistance genes against rust and powdery mildew. We found five common wheat lines carrying the 1R satellite segments translocated onto common wheat chromosomes among the prescreened common wheat lines carrying aberrant 1R chromosomes. Using those lines, we tested the resistance against the rusts and the presence of the protein and DNA sequence of a seed storage protein secarin. We found two lines which possessed the resistance but lacked secarin Since we needed more breakpoints in the satellite, we screened more than 800 plants to obtain over 180 plants carrying aberrant 1R chromosome. Furthermore, we developed a universal PCR primer set which amplified any rye segments in order to screen for small rye segments in common wheat.2. Introduction of barley chromosomal segments into common wheatWe conducted a large scale screening for aberrations in barley chromosome 2H, 4H, and 7H by in situ hybridization. We studied the 2H aberration lines by HPLC (high performance liquid chromatography) to find that genes controlling the biosynthesis of an anti-fungal substance hordatine are located on the distal region of the short arm of chromosome 2H. We analyzed aberrant 4H and 7H chromosomes with various DNA markers ; especially, for chromosome 7H we conducted a kind of radiation hybrid mapping using ca. 80 7H aberration lines and different DNA markers (SSRs, AFLPs, -ESTs). We also developed a universal PCR primer set for barley chromatin.

这项研究的目的是引入黑麦和大麦的小型外星染色体节段，其中有害生物和抗病性基因通过使用GANETOCIDAL SYSTEM。1。将黑麦染色体片段引入常见的小麦靶标1R卫星中，该卫星位于四个针对Rust和Polydy Mildew的耐药基因。我们发现了五条载有1R卫星段的普通小麦线，这些卫星段含有异常1R染色体的预筛选的普通小麦线中的普通小麦染色体。使用这些线，我们测试了对锈蚀的抗性以及种子储存蛋白塞卡林的蛋白质和DNA序列的存在。我们发现了两条具有抗药性的线，但缺乏Scarin，因为我们在卫星中需要更多的断点，我们筛选了800多种植物，以获得180多种携带异常1R染色体的植物。此外，我们开发了一个通用的PCR引物集，该集合会放大任何黑麦片段，以筛选常见小麦中的小黑麦片段。2。通过原位杂交将大麦染色体片段引入了普通惠兹威，对大麦2H，4H和7H进行了大规模筛查。我们通过HPLC（高性能液相色谱）研究了2H像差线，以发现控制抗真菌物质的生物合成的基因位于2H染色体的短臂的远端区域。我们分析了具有各种DNA标记的异常4H和7H染色体。特别是，对于7H染色体，我们使用Ca进行了一种辐射杂种映射。 80 7H像差线和不同的DNA标记（SSR，AFLP， - ESTS）。我们还开发了用于大麦染色质的通用PCR引物。