Identification of bioactive compounds from tef (Eragrostis tef) seed extracts for antioxidant properties.

从 tef（画眉草 tef）种子提取物中鉴定生物活性化合物的抗氧化特性。

• 批准号: 10553205
• 负责人: Ayalew Ligaba Osena
• 金额: $ 14.2万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA GREENSBORO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-02-01 至 2024-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10553205
• 关键词: Acids; Adult; Affect; Africa; Age; Alternative Medicine; Anabolism; Anthocyanins; Antioxidants; Australia; Barley; Biochemical; Biological Assay; Blood Glucose; Bread; Cardiovascular Diseases; Celiac Disease; Cell model; Cells; Cereals; Chemicals; China; Colon; Consumption; Country; Cytoprotection; DNA Shuffling; Data; Diabetes Mellitus; Diet; Dietary Fiber; Disease; Environment; Eragrostis; Eritrea; Essential Amino Acids; Ethiopia; Female; Flavonoids; Food; Funding; Genes; Genetic; Genetic Variation; Genome; Genotype; Glutamate-Cysteine Ligase; Glutathione; Glutathione Reductase; Gluten; Grain; Health; Health Benefit; Histidine; Horns; India; Inflammatory; Intake; Investments; Knowledge; Laboratories; Letters; Linoleic Acids; Lipid Peroxidation; Luciferases; Lysine; Malignant Neoplasms; Mammalian Cell; Membrane Lipids; Methionine; Millet; Minerals; Minority Groups; Modeling; Molecular Genetics; National Research Council; Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus; Nutrient; Nutritional; Oxidative Stress; Oxidative Stress Induction; Oxidoreductase; Pathogenicity; Pathway interactions; Persons; Phenols; Physiological; Phytochemical; Play; Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids; Population; Production; Property; Quinones; Reactive Oxygen Species; Recommendation; Reporter Genes; Research; Resistance; Risk Factors; Role; Rye cereal; Signal Transduction; South Africa; Starch; Sulfonic Acids; Techniques; Testing; Trace Elements; United States; United States National Institutes of Health; Variant; Water-Soluble Vitamin; Weight maintenance regimen; Wheat; combat; diphenyl; food security; heme oxygenase-1; human disease; immunoreaction; improved; macromineral; male; monocyte; novel; nuclear factor-erythroid 2; polyphenol; prevent; response; stable cell line; student training; trait; transcriptome; underrepresented minority student

Summary Cellular oxidative stress is a risk factor for several human disease including diabetes, cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and cancer. Natural and food products have a great potential to protect cells under oxidative stress conditions. Tef (Eragrostis tef) is gluten-free grain that is rich in mineral nutrients, essential amino acids, and water-soluble vitamins and several bioactive phytochemicals including polyphenols, flavonoids and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). Tef has been recognized by the U.S. National Research Council as a crop with excellent nutritional potential and suitability to boost food security. However, the bioactivity of tef phytochemicals have never been studied using physiologically relevant models. In this study, we propose to identify bioactive compounds in tef grains and test their ability to combat oxidative stress, thus preventing the pathogenic conditions associated with reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced damages. This initiative is based on our recent finding indicating that: 1) tef seed extracts increase glutathione (GSH) levels in THP-1 monocytes, 2) an increase in GSH level is more prominent in brown than ivory tef seeds, suggesting the existence of genotypic variability in the content of bioactive compound, 3) Tef seed extracts increase the expression of the master regulator of antioxidant pathway nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and its targets including Heme Oxygenase 1 (HO-1), NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase1 (NQO1), glutathione reductase (GR) and the γ-glutamate cysteine ligase catalytic (GCLC) and regulatory (GCLM) subunit, which play a key role in GSH biosynthesis, 4) A bioactive fraction of tef extract contains a derivative of linoleic acid (LA) 9-Hydroxyoctadecadienoic acid (9-HODE), which is a marker for membrane lipid peroxidation. These findings prompted us to hypothesize that tef has bioactive compounds which have the potential to boost the antioxidant pathway under oxidative stress conditions likely via Nrf2 signaling. Our aims are: 1) Identification and functional characterization of bioactive phytochemicals from tef seeds, 2) Studying whether tef bioactive compounds induce oxidative stress-responsive genes, and protect cells from ROS, 3) Understanding the genetic mechanism regulating antioxidant properties of tef. This study will help in developing alternative medicines for oxidative stress-induced diseases. It will also generate new information that can be used to improve tef or transferred to major cereals to add value to these crops. This funding will boost the capacity of the Osena laboratory to explore underutilized crops such as millets for desirable traits including health benefits. The Osena laboratory and the environment at UNC Greensboro are ideal for this research, and training students from underrepresented minority group.

概括 细胞氧化物应激是多种人类疾病在内的危险因素，包括糖尿病， 心血管疾病（CVD）和癌症。天然和食品具有很大的潜力 在氧化应激条件下保护细胞。 tef（eragrostis tef）是无麸质的谷物 在矿物营养素中，必需氨基酸和水溶性维生素和几种生物活性 植物化学物质，包括多酚，类黄酮和多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFAS）。 tef 已被美国国家研究委员会认可为具有出色营养的农作物 潜在的和适合提高粮食安全的能力。但是，TEF生理学的生物活性具有 从未使用与身体相关的模型进行研究。在这项研究中，我们建议确定 TEF晶粒中的生物活性化合物并测试其对抗氧化应激的能力，从而防止 与活性氧（ROS）诱导的损害相关的致病条件。这 主动性基于我们最近的发现，表明：1）TEF种子提取物增加了谷胱甘肽 （GSH）THP-1单核细胞中的水平，2）棕色的GSH水平的提高比 象牙色的种子，表明生物活性含量中存在基因型变异性 化合物，3）TEF种子提取物增加了抗氧化剂主调节剂的表达 途径核因子红系2相关因子2（NRF2）及其靶标（包括血红素） 氧合酶1（HO-1），NAD（P）H喹酮氧化激酶1（NQO1），谷胱甘肽还原酶（GR） 以及γ-谷氨酸半胱氨酸连接酶催化（GCLC）和调节（GCLM）亚基 在GSH生物合成中的关键作用，4）TEF提取物的生物活性分数包含亚油果的衍生物 酸（LA）9-羟基二十二烯酸（9-hode），这是膜脂质的标志物 过氧化。这些发现促使我们假设TEF具有生物活性化合物 有可能在可能通过的氧化应激条件下增强抗氧化剂途径 NRF2信号。我们的目标是：1）生物活性的识别和功能表征 TEF种子的植物化学物质，2）研究TEF生物活性化合物是否影响氧化 应激响应基因并保护细胞免受ROS的影响，3）了解遗传机制 调节TEF的抗氧化特性。这项研究将有助于开发替代药物 氧化应激诱导的疾病。它还将生成可用于用于的新信息 改善TEF或转移到主要谷物中，以增加这些农作物的价值。这笔资金将提高 Osena实验室的能力探索未充分利用的农作物，例如小米的理想特征 包括健康益处。 Osena实验室和UNC Greensboro的环境是 这项研究的理想选择，并培训来自代表性不足的少数群体的学生。