GENETIC AND BREEDING STUDIES ON AMYLOPECTIN MUTANTS IN RICE

水稻支链淀粉突变体的遗传与育种研究

• 批准号: 08456004
• 负责人: SATOH Hikaru
• 金额: $ 5.12万
• 依托单位: KYUSHU UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1996 至 1998
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-08456004/
• 关键词: RICE; ENDOSPERM STARCH; AMYLOPECTIN; MUTANT; STARCH BIOSYNTHESIS ENZYME; BREEDING; GENE ANALYSIS; MNU TREATMENT; 枝作り酵素; SDS-PAGE; 胚乳でんぷん; 枝つくり酵素; MNU授精卵処理

Amylopectin is a major constituent of starch, being about 80%, in rice and therefore, will be expected to affect greatly on the eating quality of cooked rice and the processing properties for industrial use. In spite of this importance, little attention has, so far, put on amylopectin in rice breeding, because of limited numbers of the information for related genes modifying amylopectin structure and of the genetic resources in amylopectin. In this research, we tried to induce the mutants for amylopectin by MNU treatment of fertilized egg cells in rice and to characterize the genetic and physicochemical properties for using them as breeding materials.We developed and devised the speedy and simplified methods for the iodine colorimetric measurement of starch/iodine complex using the microprocessor controlled diode array spectrograph DU 7000 Spectrophotometer (Beckman), SDS-PAGE analysis of starch biosynthesis related enzyme proteins, Native-PAGE/Activity staining for amylopectin biosynt … More hesis related enzymes such as starch branching enzymes, starch debranching enzymes, starch synthase and pullanase, and the measurement of starch gelatinization using urea. Using these methods, we screened the mutant strains induced by MNU treatment of fertilized egg cells of three kinds of two Japonica rice cultivar, Kinmaze and Taichung 65, and a Indica rice cultivar IR36, and obtained various kinds of mutants modifying the amylopectin structure of endosperm starch, such as amylose extender (ae), floury 1(flo 1), floury 2(flo 2), floury 3(flo 3), floury 4(flo 4), sugary 1(sug 1) etc. The structural and physicochemical analyses of endosperm starches in these mutants shows that the changes in branching structure of amylopectin modified more greatly than the amylose content on the processing properties of starch such as the gelatinization or swelling of starch, which greatly affects the cooking quality of boiled rice and the industrial processing quality of rice starch. These facts indicates strongly the great importance of genetic resources for amylopectin in the breeding to improve the grain quality in rice. The results obtained in this research will play the important rolls not only as breeding materials improving the grain quality in rice but also as the materials of academic researches comprehending the genetic and biochemical regulation of amylopectin biosynthesis. Less

淀粉蛋白是淀粉的主要结构，在大米中约为80％，因此有望极大地影响煮熟的大米的饮食质量以及工业用途的加工特性。尽管很重要，但到目前为止，由于修饰淀粉蛋白蛋白结构的相关基因的信息数量有限，因此几乎没有关注水稻育种中的链氨基蛋白酶。 In this research, we tried to induce the mutants for amylopectin by MNU treatment of fertilized egg cells in rice and to characterize the genetic and physical properties for using them as breeding materials.We developed and devised the speedy and simplified methods for the iodine colorimetric measurement of starch/iodine complex using the microprocessor controlled diode array spectrograph DU 7000 Spectrophotometer (Beckman), SDS-PAGE分析淀粉生物合成相关的酶蛋白，用于淀粉蛋白酶生物蛋白的天然页面/活性染色……更多相关的相关酶，例如淀粉分支酶，淀粉分支酶，淀粉合成酶和糊状酶以及使用尿素的淀粉胶质化的测量。 Using these methods, we screened the mutant strains induced by MNU treatment of fertilized egg cells of three kinds of two Japonica rice cultivar, Kinmaze and Taichung 65, and a Indica rice cultivar IR36, and obtained various kinds of mutants modifying the amylopectin structure of endosperm starch, such as amylose extender (AE), flury 1(flo 1), flury 2(flo 2),这些突变体中，圆锥体3（Florury 4（Floury 4），氟4（flo 4），含糖1（SUG 1）等。这些突变体中胚乳星的结构和物理分析表明，链氨基蛋白蛋白的分支结构的变化比淀粉的加工特性上的链淀粉含量更大，例如凝胶化或溶胀的凝聚型，煮熟的稀少型，煮熟的稀少型，煮熟了，煮熟了，煮熟了，煮熟了，煮熟了煮熟的水平。这些事实强烈表明，遗传资源在育种中对淀粉蛋白的重要性非常重要，以改善大米的谷物质量。这项研究中获得的结果将不仅发挥重要作用，这不仅是因为繁殖材料改善了大米的谷物质量，而且还可以理解淀粉蛋白酶生物合成的遗传和生化调节的学术研究材料。较少的

项目成果

Satoh H.,L.Q.Qu,T.Kumakura and M.Ogawa: "Gluterin mutants indeced by MNU treatment in rice" Rice Genet.Newsl.14. 81-84 (1998)

Satoh H.、L.Q.Qu、T.Kumakura 和 M.Okawa：“水稻中 MNU 处理引起的谷蛋白突变体”Rice Genet.Newsl.14。

佐藤 光: "イネの成分育種における突然変異の利用" 放射線と産業. 73. 9-14 (1997)

Hikaru Sato：“突变在水稻成分育种中的应用”《辐射与工业》73. 9-14 (1997)。

A.Kubo, N.Fujita, K.Harada, T.Matsuda, H.Satoh and Y.Nakamura: "The starch debranching enzymes isoamylase and pullulanase are both involved in amylopectin biosynthesis in rice endosperm" Plant Physiol. (Submitted). (1999)

A.Kubo、N.Fujita、K.Harada、T.Matsuda、H.Satoh 和 Y.Nakamura：“淀粉脱支酶异淀粉酶和普鲁兰酶均参与水稻胚乳中支链淀粉的生物合成”Plant Physiol。

Nakamura,Y.,A.kubo,T.Shimamura,T.Matsuda,K.Harada and H.Satoh.: "Correlation between avtivities of starch debranching enzyme and α-polyglucan structure in endosperms of sugary-1 mutants in rice." Plant J.12. 143-153 (1997)

Nakamura, Y.、A. kubo、T. Shimamura、T. Matsuda、K. Harada 和 H. Satoh.：“水稻 Sugary-1 突变体胚乳中淀粉脱支酶活性与 α-聚葡聚糖结构之间的相关性”。植物 J.12。143-153 (1997)

Satoh H.,L.Q.Qu,T.Kumamaru and M.Ogawa: "Gluterin mutants indeced by MNU treatment in rice" Rice Genet.Newsl.14(in press). (1998)

Satoh H.、L.Q.Qu、T.Kumamaru 和 M.Okawa：“水稻中 MNU 处理导致的谷蛋白突变体”Rice Genet.Newsl.14（印刷中）。